Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 6 Articles
Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is a common injury in runners and other long distance athletes with the best management options\r\nnot clearly established. This review outlines both the conservative and surgical options for the treatment of iliotibial band syndrome\r\nin the athletic population. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria by focusing on the athletic population in their discussion of the\r\ntreatment for iliotibial band syndrome, both conservative and surgical. Conservative management consisting of a combination of\r\nrest (2ââ?¬â??6 weeks), stretching, pain management, andmodification of running habits produced a 44% complete cure rate, with return\r\nto sport at 8 weeks and a 91.7% cure rate with return to sport at 6months after injury. Surgical therapy, often only used for refractory\r\ncases, consisted of excision or release of the pathologic distal portion of the iliotibial band or bursectomy. Those studies focusing\r\non the excision or release of the pathologic distal portion of the iliotibial band showed a 100% return to sport rate at both 7 weeks\r\nand 3 months after injury. Despite many options for both surgical and conservative treatment, there has yet to be consensus on\r\none standard of care.Certain treatments, both conservative and surgical, in our review are shown to bemore effective than others;\r\nhowever, further research is needed to delineate the true pathophysiology of iliotibial band syndrome in athletes, as well as the\r\noptimal treatment regimen....
The objective was to illuminate the experience of injuries and the process of injury reporting within the Swedish skydiving\r\nculture. Data contained narrative interviews that were subsequently analyzed with content analysis. Seventeen respondents (22ââ?¬â??44\r\nyears) were recruited at three skydiving drop zones in Sweden. In the results injury events related to the full phase of a skydive\r\nwere described. Risk of injury is individually viewed as an integrated element of the recreational activity counterbalanced by its\r\nrecreational value.The human factor of inadequate judgment such as miscalculation and distraction dominates the descriptions as\r\ncauses of injuries. Organization and leadership act as facilitators or constrainers for reporting incidents and injuries. On the basis\r\nof this study it is interpreted that safety work and incident reporting in Swedish skydiving may be influenced more by local drop\r\nzone culture than the national association regulations. Formal and informal hierarchical structures among skydivers seem to decide\r\nhow skydiving is practiced, rules are enforced, and injuries are reported.We suggest that initial training and continuing education\r\nneed to be changed from the current top-down to a bottom-up perspective, where the individual skydiver learns to see the positive\r\nimplications of safety work and injury reporting....
Currently, little is known about the length of time required to rehabilitate patients fromstress fractures and their return to preinjury\r\nlevel of physical activity. Previous studies have looked at the return to sport in athletes, in a general population, where rehabilitation\r\nis not as controlled as within a captive military population. In this study, a longitudinal prospective epidemiological database was\r\nassessed to determine the incidence of stress fractures and the time taken to rehabilitate recruits to preinjury stage of training.\r\nFindings demonstrated a background prevalence of 5% stress fractures in RoyalMarine training; femoral and tibial stress fractures\r\ntake 21.1 weeks to return to training withmetatarsal stress fractures being the most common injury taking 12.2 weeks. Rehabilitation\r\nfrom stress fractures accounts for 814 weeks of recruit rehabilitation time per annum. Stress fracture incidence is still common in\r\nmilitary training; despite this stress fracture recovery times remain constant and represent a significant interruption in training. It\r\ntakes on average 5 weeks after exercise specific training has restarted to reenter training at a preinjury level, regardless of which bone\r\nhas a stress fracture. Further research into their prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation is required to help reduce these burdens....
Objective.The Tuck Jump Assessment (TJA), a clinical plyometric assessment, identifies 10 jumping and landing technique flaws.\r\nThe study objective was to investigate TJA interrater and intrarater reliability with raters of different educational and clinical\r\nbackgrounds. Methods. 40 participants were video recorded performing the TJA using published protocol and instructions. Five\r\nraters of varied educational and clinical backgrounds scored the TJA. Each score of the 10 technique flaws was summed for the total\r\nTJA score. Approximately onemonth later, 3 raters scored the videos again. Intraclass correlation coefficients determined interrater\r\n(5 and 3 raters for first and second session, resp.) and intrarater (3 raters) reliability. Results. Interrater reliability with 5 raters was\r\npoor (ICC = 0.47; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.33ââ?¬â??0.62). Interrater reliability between 3 raters who completed 2 scoring sessions\r\nimproved from0.52 (95% CI 0.35ââ?¬â??0.68) for session one to 0.69 (95% CI 0.55ââ?¬â??0.81) for session two. Intrarater reliability was poor to\r\nmoderate, ranging from 0.44 (95% CI 0.22ââ?¬â??0.68) to 0.72 (95% CI 0.55ââ?¬â??0.84). Conclusion. Published protocol and training of raters\r\nwere insufficient to allow consistent TJA scoring. There may be a learned effect with the TJA since interrater reliability improved\r\nwith repetition. TJA instructions and training should be modified and enhanced before clinical implementation...
Background. Rugby league is a physically demanding teamsport and the National Rugby League is the highest-level competition of\r\nrugby league in Australia. Frequent tackles and collisions between players result in a high incidence of injury to players. Concussion\r\ninjuries have been the source of much debate, with reporting varying greatly depending on the definition used. Method. Injury\r\nrecords of 239 players from one professional National Rugby League were analysed during a continuous period of 15 years, with\r\nparticular interest in the incidence and recurrence of concussions and the change in incidence over time. Result. A total of 191\r\nconcussions were recorded, affecting 90 players. The incidence of concussion injuries was found to be 28.33 per 1000 player match\r\nhours, with an increase over time (?? = 0.0217). Multiple concussions were recorded for 51 players. Conclusion. A statistically\r\nsignificant increase in the incidence of concussion injuries was found, without a concurrent increase in the number of head injuries\r\nor total injuries. New rules which mandate removal of players from the field may be beneficial for protection of players on the long\r\nterm, although they risk being counterproductive, if they make players less likely to report their symptoms during matches....
Background. Describing the frequency, severity, and causes of sports injuries and illnesses reliably is important for quantifying the\r\nrisk to athletes and providing direction for prevention initiatives. Methods. Time-loss and/or medical-attention definitions have\r\nlong been used in sports injury/illness epidemiology research, but the limitations to these definitions mean that some events are\r\nincorrectly classified or omitted completely,where athletes continue to train and compete at high levels but experience restrictions in\r\ntheir performance. Introducing a graded definition of performance-restrictionmay provide a solution to this issue. Results. Results\r\nfrom the Great Britain injury/illness performance project (IIPP) are presented using a performance-restriction adaptation of the\r\naccepted surveillance consensus methodologies. The IIPP involved 322 Olympic athletes (males: 172; female: 150) from 10 Great\r\nBritain Olympic sports between September 2009 and August 2012. Of all injuries (?? = 565), 216 were classified as causing time-loss,\r\n346 as causing performance-restriction, and 3 were unclassified. For athlete illnesses (?? = 378), the majority (?? < 0.01) resulted in\r\ntime-loss (270) comparedwith performance-restriction (101) (7 unclassified). Conclusions. Successful implementation of prevention\r\nstrategies relies on the correct characterisation of injury/illness risk factors. Including a performance-restriction classification could\r\nprovide a deeper understanding of injuries/illnesses and better informed prevention initiatives...
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