Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2015 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 7 Articles
The aim of this cross sectional study was to determine the frequency and quality of menstrual disturbances in general experience which can pose a risk of delayed gynaecological complications in teenage girls of Karachi. Students were randomly selected from different senior schools located in various areas of Karachi, Pakistan. Data was generated after a quantitative survey employing “The Parker Sneddon MDOT questionnaire” as a research tool. Main outcome measures were self reports of menstrual bleeding patterns, typical symptoms and morbidities. Average age of the study participants was 14 years, whereas average weight was assessed to be 46 Kgs. Amidst 98.5% respondents, irregularity of periods was assessed in 32% girls. Clotting was reported in 59% girls whereas severe clotting and excessive bleeding indicative of menorrhagia was assessed in 12% girls. The impact on QOL (quality of life) was measured as 25.5%, teenage girls missed their school due to their periods whereas 72% attended school regularly and 23% of the girls complained of worsening of their periodic cycle in the past 12 months. High grade pain during menstruation was reported by 10.5% girls and 41.5% of the participants take medication to subside their pain, 30% take panadol and 10.5% girls find relief in medications. Girls indicating moderate to severe pain in association with a high number of menstrual symptoms, school absences and interference with life activities should be effectively managed to minimize menstrual morbidity....
Objective.The clinical factors associated with sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) were investigated in male patients with infertility.\nMaterials and Methods. Fifty-four ejaculates from infertile Japanese males were used. Thirty-three and twenty-one were from\nthe patients with varicoceles and idiopathic causes of infertility, respectively. We performed blood tests, including the serum sex\nhormone levels, and conventional and computer-assisted semen analyses. The sperm nuclear vacuolization (SNV) was evaluated\nusing a high-magnification microscope. The SDF was evaluated using the sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCDt) to determine\nthe SDF index (SDFI). The SDFI was compared with semen parameters and other clinical variables, including lifestyle factors.\nResults.The SDFI was 41.3 �± 22.2% (mean �± standard deviation) and did not depend on the cause of infertility. Chronic alcohol use\nincreased the SDFI to 49.6 �± 23.3% compared with 33.9 �± 18.0% in nondrinkers.TheSDFI was related to adverse conventional semen\nparameters and spermmotion characteristics and correlatedwith the serumFSHlevel.TheSNVshowed a tendency to increase with\nthe SDFI. Themultivariate analysis revealed that the spermprogressive motility and chronic alcohol use were significant predictors\nof the SDF. Conclusion.The SCDt should be offered to chronic alcohol users and those with decreased sperm progressive motility....
The ovarian stimulation has been applied in order to increase the number of oocytes to compensate for the poor results of in\nvitro fertilization, allowing the selection of one or more embryos to be transferred. Our aim is to compare the results obtained in\nIVF/ICSI cycles using the short protocol for controlled ovarian stimulation to the results from the modified mild protocol used in\nour department. A total of 240 cycles were conducted from January 2010 to December 2011. When comparing both protocols, it\ncould be observed that there was a significant difference in the quantity of gonadotropins doses in the mild protocol and in the short\nprotocol. No significant difference was observed regarding pregnancy rates per cycle, 22% and 26.2%, in short and mild protocols,\nrespectively. The protocols of controlled ovarian stimulation are often associated with high risk of complications such as ovarian\nhyperstimulation syndrome, excessive emotional stress, high rates of treatment dropouts, and abdominal discomfort.With the data\nobtained in this study, one can conclude that there are less risks and complications for the patient when using the mild stimulation\nprotocol. It was also observed that in this group there was a slightly higher rate....
The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation of exposing to the cigarette smoke in childhood and adolescence with infertility\nand abortion in women. This case-control study evaluated 178 women who had been attended to at the Amir-al-Momenin Hospital\nin Tehran in 2012-2013. Seventy-eight women with chief complaint of abortion, infertility, and missed abortion and 100 healthy\nwomen were considered as case and control groups, respectively. The tool was a questionnaire with two parts. In the first part\ndemographic information was gathered and in the second part the information regarding the history of passive smoking in\nchildhood and adolescence period, abortion, and infertility was gathered. The mean age in case and control groups was 26.24\n�± 3.1 and 27.3 �± 4.2 years, respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.74 �± 1.38 Kg/m2. Abortion rates among passive\nsmoker and nonpassive smoker patients were statistically significant (P = 0.036). Based on findings of this study, the experience\nof being a passive smoker in childhood and adolescence in women will increase the risk of abortion and infertility in the future,\nwhich could be the reason to encourage the society to step back from smoking cigarettes....
Objectives. To evaluate the prevalence of infertility in women with Gravesââ?¬â?¢ disease (GD) or Hashimotoââ?¬â?¢s thyroiditis (HT) and\nassociated factors. Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Endocrinology Clinic for Thyroid\nAutoimmune Diseases, with 193 women aged 18ââ?¬â??50 years with GD and 66 women aged 18ââ?¬â??60 years with HT. The women were\ninterviewed to obtain data on their gynecological and obstetric history and family history of autoimmune diseases. Their medical\nrecords were reviewed to determine the characteristics of the disease and to confirm association with other autoimmune diseases.\nInfertility was defined as 12 months of unprotected sexual intercourse without conception. Results.The prevalence of infertility was\n52.3% in GD and 47.0% in HT.Mean age at diagnosis was 36.5 years and 39.2 years, in GD and HT, respectively.The mean number\nof pregnancies was lower in women who were 35 years old or younger at diagnosis and was always lower following diagnosis of the\ndisease, irrespective of age. The only variable associated with infertility was a shorter time of the disease in HT. Conclusions. The\nprevalence of infertility was high in women with GD and HT and affected the number of pregnancies in young women....
Endometriosis, PCOS, and unexplained infertility are currently the most common diseases rendering large numbers of women\ninfertile worldwide. Oxidative stress, due to its deleterious effects on proteins and nucleic acids, is postulated to be the one of the\nimportant mechanistic pathways in differential expression of proteins and in these diseases. The emerging field of proteomics has\nallowed identification of proteins involved in cell cycle, as antioxidants, extracellularmatrix (ECM), cytoskeleton, and their linkage\nto oxidative stress in female infertility related diseases. The aim of this paper is to assess the association of oxidative stress and\nprotein expression in the reproductive microenvironments such as endometrial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and follicular fluid, as well\nas reproductive tissues and serum. The review also highlights the literature that proposes the use of the fertility related proteins\nas potential biomarkers for noninvasive and early diagnosis of the aforementioned diseases rather than utilizing the more invasive\nmethods used currently. The review will highlight the power of proteomic profiles identified in infertility related disease conditions\nand their linkage with underlying oxidative stress. The power of proteomics will be reviewed with regard to eliciting molecular\nmechanisms for early detection and management of these infertility related conditions...
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune illness triggered by gluten consumption in genetically predisposed individuals.\nWorldwide, CD prevalence is approximately 1%. Several studies suggest a higher prevalence of undiagnosed CD in patients with\ninfertility. We described reproductive disorders and assessed the frequency of hospital admissions for infertility among celiac\nwomen aged 15ââ?¬â??49. We conducted two surveys enrolling a convenient sample of celiac women, residing in Apulia or in Basilicata\n(Italy). Moreover, we selected hospital discharge records (HDRs) of celiac women and women with an exemption for CD, and\nmatched the lists with HDRs for reproductive disorders. In the surveys we included 91 celiac women; 61.5% of them reported\nmenstrual cycle disorders. 47/91 reported at least one pregnancy and 70.2% of them reported problems during pregnancy. From\nthe HDRs and the registry of exemption, we selected 4,070 women with CD; the proportion of women hospitalized for infertility\nwas higher among celiac women than among resident women in childbearing age (1.2% versus 0.2%). Our findings highlight a\nhigher prevalence of reproductive disorders among celiac women than in the general population suggesting that clinicians might\nconsider testing for CD women presenting with pregnancy disorders or infertility....
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