Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2015 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 4 Articles
Purpose In-car support systems focus increasingly on improving\ntraffic flow and throughput. Advisory systems allow\nfor fast market penetration, advising drivers how to drive in\norder to improve general flow. By following the advice,\ndrivers cannot create a beneficial effect by themselves but rely\non other road users to comply as well. Drivers who sense a\nlow compliance among other road users may be discouraged\nto use the system themselves. The present experiment investigated\nwhether drivers are able to distinguish between various\ncompliance rates to Connected Cruise Control (CCC), an\nadvisory driver support system that gives headway, speed\nand lane advice to improve throughput on motorways.\nMethod Forty-two participants estimated the compliance of\nother road users to CCC in a driving simulator. Actual system\ncompliance was varied between 10, 50 and 90 %. Half of the\nparticipants received detailed information about the advice\nand the manifestation of compliant behaviour in traffic.\nResults Compliance estimates showed no effect of actual\ncompliance rates. Overall compliance ratings were higher for\nparticipants who had not received additional information\nabout the system. Difference scores between compliance estimate\nand actual compliance indicate that additional information\ndid not improve estimation accuracy, neither did it increase\nparticipants� confidence with their estimate.\nConclusions When actual compliance is low, drivers still\nshow high compliance estimates which can have beneficial\neffect on system acceptance. Additional information does not\nimprove compliance estimates....
Studies on the use of polyolefin elastomer (POE) and high density\npolyethylene (HDPE) for toughening polypropylene (PP) to meet the demands of\nautomobile bumpers were conducted. The effect of the basic resin, POE and the\ninfluences of the POE amount and HDPE doses on the mechanical properties of the\nblended composites were discussed. The morphology of impact fracture sections\nwere characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) while the crystalline\nproperties were investigated by DSC. The effect of the composites� morphology on\nmechanical properties was also discussed. Results showed that POE could improve\nthe impact strength of PP while the use of HDPE had obvious effects on synergistic\ntoughening. SEM images and DSC data analysis testified to the relationship between\nmorphology, crystallinity and the mechanical properties....
The high-temperature corrosion behavior of four valve steels\n(X33CrNiMn23-8, X50CrMnNiNbN21-9, X53CrMnNiN20-8 and X55CrMnNiN20-\n8) in combustion gases of fuel oil, containing different concentrations of bio-components\n(5 and 10 wt%) has been studied under thermal shock conditions. It was found\nthat the addition of bio-components decreased the corrosion resistance of steels\ninvestigated. It was also found that the X33CrNiMn23-8 steel containing the highest\nchromium concentration, behaved in the investigated atmospheres much better than\nthree remaining steels due to the formation of highly protective chromia scale....
Vehicle velocity and roll angle are important information for active safety control systems of four-wheel independent drive electric\nvehicle. In order to obtain robustness estimation of vehicle velocity and roll angle, a novel method is proposed based on vehicle\ndynamics and the measurement information provided by the sensors equipped in modern cars. The method is robust with respect\nto different road and friction conditions. Firstly, the dynamic characteristics of four-wheel independent drive electric vehicle\nare analyzed, and a four-degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic model of vehicle and a tire longitudinal dynamic equation are\nestablished. The relationship between the longitudinal and lateral friction forces is derived based on Dugoff tire model. The\nunknown input reconstruction technique of sliding mode observer is used to achieve longitudinal tire friction force estimation.\nA simple observer is designed for the estimation of the roll angle of the vehicle. And then using the relationship, the estimated\nlongitudinal friction forces and roll angle, a sliding mode observer for vehicle velocity estimation is provided, which does not need\nto know the tire-road friction coefficient and road angles. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated experimentally under a variety\nof maneuvers and road conditions....
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