Current Issue : October-December Volume : 2026 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 5 Articles
Despite being one of the world’s largest coffee producers, Indonesia has experienced relatively stagnant export volumes, raising questions about the determinants of its competitiveness in global markets. This study examines Indonesian coffee exports using a dynamic gravity model estimated with the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) on panel data from 25 major trading partners during 2005–2024. By incorporating lagged exports, the model captures persistence in trade flows while addressing endogeneity, unobserved heterogeneity, and dynamic adjustment, limitations often overlooked in static gravity models. The results reveal strong export persistence, indicating that past export performance significantly shapes current exports. Partner-country GDP and trade openness increase exports, whereas economic distance and exchange rate appreciation reduce them. Indonesia’s CPI has a positive effect, while Indonesia’s GDP per capita, partner-country population, and foreign direct investment are not statistically significant. These findings underscore the importance of market size, trade costs, macroeconomic stability, and longterm trade relationships in sustaining coffee export performance. The study contributes to the international trade literature by highlighting the value of dynamic modeling for commodity export analysis. Policy priorities include preserving established markets, entering high-growth destinations, improving logistics efficiency, maintaining exchange rate stability, deepening trade openness, and promoting higher value-added coffee products....
This study examines the long-run and short-run relationships between housing prices and transaction volume in TaiwanRegion’s six special municipalities using quarterly data from 2011 to 2024. The results indicate that housing prices and transaction volume are cointegrated in all cities, although both the direction of the relationship and the adjustment mechanisms vary across municipalities. In most cities, housing prices and transaction volume exhibit negative long-run co-movement, whereas Taoyuan City displays a positive relationship. The VECM results further reveal that the adjustment process differs across regions: transaction volume drives adjustment in some cities, housing prices in others, and no stable adjustment mechanism is observed in certain cases. Shortrun dynamics also vary across municipalities, highlighting substantial heterogeneity in housing market behavior....
The purpose of this paper is to explore the evolving regulations and their impact on the agendas and timelines companies set to complete a Merger and Acquisition (M&A). This research uses qualitative data from a phenomenological methodology, gathering perspectives from participants in high-level M&A roles. The interviewees were CFOs, CEOs, integration management officers, CPOs, and lawyers, who have all participated in two or more M&As. Using deductive coding, the qualitative data were organized into three sections: internal factors (financial and cultural impacts), regulations, and risk management. Thus, the argument of this paper is that evolving regulations are affecting companies’ timelines, as evidenced by the results. There was a positive correlation between time commitment and regulations. More specifically, the regulations primarily impacted public companies, while, on a global scale, only private companies were affected....
As Chinese enterprises continue to expand abroad, intercultural communication, social coordination, and organizational image construction have become central issues in overseas operations, generating new demands for communication education in higher education. In response to the overemphasis on theoretical instruction, the limited range of case materials, and the insufficient practical training in the Intercultural Communication course, this paper presents a teaching reform report based on first-hand materials collected through the instructor’s field investigations of Chinese enterprises in the Gulf region and Southeast Asia. The reform was implemented in a 16-week Intercultural Communication course for two cohorts of undergraduate Journalism and Communication students, involving 188 students in total. Fieldwork materials from 35 overseas units were transformed into anonymized teaching cases and integrated into case-based modules, task-driven learning, scenario simulation, and curriculum-based ideological and political education. Evidence from classroom observation, student feedback, student coursework, and peer observation suggests that the reform made the course more realistic, increased student participation, and helped students apply intercultural communication concepts to concrete overseas enterprise situations. Since no formal experimental design or standardized pre-test/post-test assessment was conducted, the reported outcomes should be understood as classroom-based and observation-supported teaching effects rather than statistically verified learning results. The paper argues that research-informed, case-based, task-driven, and situated teaching provides a feasible pathway for improving the practical orientation of the Intercultural Communication course....
This paper examines the long-run and short-run effects of money supply, trade deficit, and political stability on inflation across nine ASEAN countries from 2000 to 2019. Using a panel ARDL framework, we estimate the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator for both the upper-middle-income subgroup (N = 5) and the full panel (N = 9). All variables are transformed using the inverse hyperbolic sine (ASINH) function to accommodate negative values. Unit root tests confirm I (1) integration for all variables, while Pedroni and Kao cointegration tests establish a stable long-run relationship. In the long run, the trade deficit exerts a positive and significant effect on inflation, whereas political stability consistently reduces inflation across all estimated groups. Additionally, money supply is positively and significantly associated with inflation in both groups. We also conducted Granger causality tests, which revealed primarily a unidirectional causal relationship from money supply to inflation, along with a bidirectional relationship between political stability and inflation. These findings underscore the importance of institutional quality and trade balance management for achieving inflation stability in ASEAN economies....
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