Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2016 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 6 Articles
Background: Acne vulgaris is a common disorder affecting 79% - 95% of the adolescent population. The choice of treatment depends on the severity, patients with mild to moderate acne should receive topical therapy such as azelaic acid. Rising antibiotic drug resistance consequent to the widespread use of topical antibiotics is causing concern and effective non-antibiotic treatments are needed. Objective: To compare the efficacy and side effects of topical azelaic acid cream 20% versus active lotion containing triethyl citrate and ethyl linoleate (TCEL) in treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Patients and Methods: This single, blinded, comparative, therapeutic study was done in the Department of Dermatology-Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq; from May 2013-July 2014. Scoring of acne was carried out and the patients were examined every 2 weeks for 10 weeks of treatment. One month after stopping drugs, patients were evaluated for drug complications and disease recurrence. Sixty patients fulfilling enrollment criteria were included in this study. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A (30 patients) treated twice daily with TCEL lotion and Group B (30 patients) treated twice daily with topical azelaic acid cream 20%. Results: Both topical TCEL lotion and azelaic acid cream were statistically an effective therapy for treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris. TCEL lotion was more effective and act earlier than azelaic acid cream starting from 4 weeks of therapy till the end of treatment (after 10 weeks) and even after 4 weeks after stopping the treatment (P-value < 0.04). No systemic side effect for both groups was noted while the following side effects were reported; burning, pruritus and erythema, all these side effects disappeared after 8 weeks from starting treatment. After one month of follow up there was no significant relapse in both groups. Conclusion: The TCEL is non-antibiotic based, it had quicker onset of action and observable improvement of both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions. Its use would reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance developing within the skin flora....
Wound healing after dermal injury is an imperfect\nprocess, inevitably leading to scar formation as the\nskin re-establishes its integrity. The resulting scars have\ndifferent characteristics to normal skin, ranging from fineline\nasymptomatic scars to problematic scarring including\nhypertrophic and keloid scars. Scars appear as a different\ncolour to the surrounding skin and can be flat, stretched,\ndepressed or raised, manifesting a range of symptoms\nincluding inflammation, erythema, dryness and pruritus,\nwhich can result in significant psychosocial impact on\npatients and their quality of life. In this paper, a comprehensive\nliterature review coupled with an analysis of\nlevels of evidence (LOE) for each published treatment\ntype was conducted. Topical treatments identified include\nimiquimod, mitomycin C and plant extracts such as onion\nextract, green tea, Aloe vera, vitamin E and D, applied to\nhealing wounds, mature scar tissue or fibrotic scars following\nrevision surgery, or in combination with other\nmore established treatments such as steroid injections and\nsilicone. In total, 39 articles were included, involving\n1703 patients. There was limited clinical evidence to\nsupport their efficacy; the majority of articles (n = 23)\nwere ranked as category 4 LOE, being of limited quality\nwith individual flaws, including low patient numbers,\npoor randomisation, blinding, and short follow-up periods.\nAs trials were performed in different settings, they were\ndifficult to compare. In conclusion, there is an unmet\nclinical need for effective solutions to skin scarring, more\nrobust long-term randomised trials and a consensus on a\nstandardised treatment regime to address all aspects of\nscarring....
The exposure to ultraviolet radiations (UVR) is the key source of skin sunburn; it may produce harmful entities, reactive oxygen\nspecies (ROS), leading to aging. The skin can be treated and protected from the injurious effects of ROS by using various\npharmaceutical formulations, such as cream. Cream can be loaded with antioxidants to quench ROS leading to photo-protective\neffects. Moreover, modern medicines depend on ethnobotanicals for protection or treatment of human diseases. This review\narticle summarizes various in vivo antioxidant studies on herbal creams loaded with phyto-extracts. These formulations may serve\nas cosmeceuticals to protect skin against injurious effects of UVR. The botanicals studied for dermatologic use in cream form\ninclude Acacia nilotica, Benincasa hispida, Calendula officinalis, Camellia sinensis, Camellia sinensis, Nelumbo nucifera, Capparis\ndecidua, Castanea sativa, Coffea arabica, Crocus sativus, Emblica officinalis Gaertn, Foeniculum vulgare, Hippophae rhamnoides,\nLithospermum erythrorhizon, Malus domestica, Matricaria chamomilla L., Moringa oleifera, Morus alba, Ocimum basilicum, Oryza\nsativa, Polygonum minus, Punica granatum, Silybum marianum, Tagetes erecta Linn., Terminalia chebula, Trigonella foenumgraecum,\nand Vitis vinifera.The observed anti-aging effects of cream formulations could be an outcome of a coordinating action of\nmultiple constituents. Of numerous botanicals, the phenolic acids and flavonoids appear effective against UVR-induced damage;\nhowever the evidence-based studies for their anti-aging effects are still needed....
Artificial preservatives and detergents from time to time have been the cause of side effects. A more radical approach in dropping the synthetic ingredients is by incorporating herbal extract which functionality good in comparable with their artificial ingredients. Selection of Zizyphus oenoplia (L) MILL leaves extract was based on its particular properties such as detergent and antimicrobial actions. This work was designed to formulate a self preserving shampoo having little concentration of the detergent using Zizyphus oenoplia (L) MILL leaves with emphasis on safety and efficacy of chemical ingredients and avoid the risk. Formulated and prepared the three different herbal shampoos containing dissimilar amounts of Zizyphus oenoplia (L) MILL extract, surfactant used is sodium laureth sulfate. Physicochemical, organoleptic evaluation and tests were performed and compared with herbal marketed product of Himalaya company. The results showed clear shampoos were formulated in F2 and F3 products and their average pH values were in the range of 5.59-6.25, which were suitable to hold on to the acidic cover of scalp. Results showed surface tension reduction, stable foam, wetting effect and good cleaning and have pseudo plastic rheological actions. Besides the aesthetic attributes, for example clarity and lather were comparable with the marketed shampoos. The foam volume was on a par and formulas showed higher detergency and foaming effects then the commercial herbal one (p ˂ 0.05). Moreover formulation can be considered safe for children due to absence of high chemical contents....
The nanotechnology field is growing at an unprecedented rate. This is resulting\nin significant benefits in skin care products and formulations. Likewise, imaging\ntechnology is also advancing. The convergence of these fields offers a unique opportunity\nto observe and quantify the interactions of nanoparticles within cosmetic and skin care\nformulations. More importantly, imaging technology holds tremendous promise for\nunderstanding how formulated nanoparticles interact with our skin. Imaging technologies\ncan be broken into two major groups that include those that require invasive sample collection\nand processing (e.g., electron microscopy, mass spectrometry, and super-resolution structured\nillumination microscopy) and those that can be used in non-invasive data collection\nsettings. Fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, coherent anti-Stokes Raman\nscattering spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography fall into the latter category and\nare the focus of this review in the context of skin care product and cosmetics testing.\nCosmetic and skin care product testing is most informative when carried out in volunteers.\nThis makes invasive or disruptive analysis techniques unfeasible and supports the use of\nnon-invasive imaging technologies. The combination of non-invasive imaging and\nminimally invasive microbiopsy sampling for combined imaging and molecular data is the\nfuture of skin care product testing....
Background: A prospective, controlled study was carried out to determine the transepidermal penetration of a cosmeceutical after permeabilizing the skin using a\ndevice which combines radiofrequency and ultrasound.\nMaterial and methods: The Legato device (Alma Lasers) was used to introduce the fluorescein-stained PixelTreatSRTM cosmeceutical gel into the dermis. The\ntreatments were performed in the retroauricular area in 16 patients, and biopsies were taken at 10 minutes and at 15 hours after the procedure. The intensity of dermal\nfluorescence in the treated samples was compared to that of Autofluorescence Controls (AC) and Technical Controls (TC).\nResults: The samples treated with the Legato device displayed a greater intensity of fluorescence than the AC and TC, both at 10 minutes and 15 hours. The increases\nin fluorescence were graded as moderate or intense, but in no case as nil or slight. The results at 10 minutes were: Legato (55.4 �± 10.1), AC (8.6 �± 2.8), TC (8.2 �±\n3.6). At 15 hours, the results were: Legato (54.2 �± 7.2), AC (8.9 �± 1.7), TC (8.3 �± 2.4). The differences between the samples and the controls were significant, both\nat 10 minutes and at 15 hours (p<0.0008).\nConclusion: The transepidermal delivery procedure carried out facilitated a prolonged and effective dermal penetration of the topically applied products....
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