Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2016 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 7 Articles
Background: For parents whose child may require admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the antenatal\nconsultation is often their first point of contact with the child�s medical team. Consultation challenges health\nprofessionals, as parents may be anxious, overwhelmed, or even exhausted by what is and what might occur.\nDespite consultation being a common practice, there is a paucity of research on how to support practitioners and\nparents. The purpose of this study was to gain insights into important relational aspects of antenatal consultation\nthat may be used to spur the development of media to support consultation.\nMethods: Focus group, as a data collection method, was employed to gather insights about antenatal consultation\nfrom a total of 50 hospital staff and 17 NICU parents from a large urban NICU program in western Canada.\nQualitative content analysis was applied to the obtained materials to explicate themes that may serve as\nnecessary understandings for media design.\nResults: Participating hospital staff and parents expressed their desire for a good antenatal consultation with\ncomments grouped under the following themes: supporting the building of a caring relation; sharing information in\nconversation; and, preparing for what is to come.\nConclusions: To support the emerging relations of baby, parent, and hospital staff, a good antenatal consultation\nneeds to convey care, understanding, and empathy; create possibilities for open and genuine conversations; and, foster\nthe buildings of respect, confidence, and trust....
Aims: Anaemia in children aged 6 - 59 months is an important public health problem associated\nwith increasing hospital costs, lengths of hospital stay, and development of complications later in\nlife. Due to the significant caregiver roles of mothers, the level of mothers� knowledge, beliefs and\npractices are important in addressing anaemia in children. This study investigated knowledge, attitudes,\nbeliefs, and practices of select mothers on anaemia and linked these with known factors\nfor anaemia. Methodology: The case study was conducted at Mkuranga District Hospital, Paediatric\nWard between December 2014 and April 2015. A cross-sectional design was used to recruit a\nconvenience sample of 40 mothers whose children had a confirmed diagnosis of anaemia (through\nroutine laboratory testing). Results: Within the sample, the majority of children were male\n(52.5%); aged 6 - 39 months (87.5%); and had a diagnosis of severe anaemia (75.0%) according to\nthe World Health Organization�s definition. Over one third (35%) of mothers reported a prior history\nof anemia in their other children, and the majority (55%) had heard about anaemia prior to\ntheir child�s hospitalization. Maternal anaemia was reported by 67.5% of mothers. Mothers reported\nthat maternal anemia (17.5%) and feeding practices (32.5%) are known contributing factors\nto anaemia in children. Mothers reported that anemia could be prevented (55.0%) and cured\nby herbal preparations (47.5%). In addition, some mothers indicated that anaemia was caused by\nwitchcraft (22.5%) and eating lemons (2.5%). Conclusion: Severe anaemia was high among the\nstudied population which aligned with their hospitalization status. Findings suggested potential gaps in control and management of anemia in children possibly related to low awareness or incorrect\nknowledge of the relationship between maternal and child anaemia. The findings also highlighted\nimportant cultural beliefs related to anaemia. There is an imperative for culturally and\nsocially appropriate knowledge translation and exchange with mothers in order to impact on the\nprevention and control of anaemia in children in Tanzania....
Objective: To identify the main procedures performed by nursing\nstaff to newborns with respiratory distress syndrome.\nMethods: A descriptive study of qualitative approach, conducted\nthrough semi-structured interviews with seven nurses in the Neonatal\nIntensive Care Unit. The data collection was conducted from August\nto October 2015. For data analysis, content analysis was used.\nResults: The identified units of meaning were grouped into three\ncategories: nursing care for newborns affected by respiratory distress\nsyndrome; primary care and procedures performed by nursing to the\nnewborn affected by respiratory distress syndrome; difficulties of nursing\nfor the care of that patient.\nConclusion: It is concluded that the overload of activities, the reduced\nnumber of staff, lack of materials, equipment and the need for\nprofessional development are the nurse�´s work reality in this sector. It\nwas noticed a strong and responsible staff with apparent problems,\nbut it was trying to elucidate their work and allowing to pull them\naway from work overload and structural difficulties in the area....
Purpose: To describe parental knowledge and misconceptions of genetics.\nStudy design and methods: A qualitative, descriptive study utilizing semi-structured interviews (n=32) was conducted in private rooms\nwith mothers or mother-father dyads 24-48 hours after the birth of their healthy, full-term infant. Audio recording and field notes were collected.\nThematic analysis identified major categories pertaining to parental knowledge of genetics in healthcare.\nResults: Two themes were identified: parental lack of knowledge and misconceptions of genetics in healthcare and parent�s perception of\nthe value of the genetics in healthcare. Parental source of genetic information emerged as an accounting of where parents obtained genetic\ninformation. Thirty-eight percent of parents felt they had little knowledge of genetics. Twenty percent of parents acquired their genetic information\nfrom personal experience. Seventeen percent of parents acquired their genetic information from public media, and 10% of parents acquired\ntheir genetic information from someone who experienced genetic testing. Parents perceived value in prenatal diagnosis of variable conditions or\ndisease but had mixed opinions on the value of genetics in healthcare after the child was born.\nClinical implications: Significant gaps and misunderstandings in parental knowledge of genetics were identified. Removing potential parental\nknowledge barriers is essential for parental understanding of the role of genetics in health, illness, and pediatric genetic research....
Headache is defined as a somatic complaint. Incidence has increased in the last years\nprobably due to childrenÃ?´s lifestyle changes. Headaches have a wide variety of causes, either\nprimary or secondary ones. While the majority of headaches are self-limited and benign, headaches\noccasionally herald a life-threatening illness such as a brain tumor, intracranial hemorrhage\nor meningitis. The emergency department physician has to distinguish between ââ?¬Å?benignââ?¬Â\nand ââ?¬Å?seriousââ?¬Â headaches and therefore must have an organized approach to the evaluation of\nthese patients. Obtaining neuro imaging studies on a routine basis are not indicated in children\nwith recurrent headaches. An extensive history and physical examination are crucial and must\nguide the differential diagnosis. Management in the ED must be addressed to establish an accurate\ndiagnosis, ruling out secondary causes, by giving an effective treatment and by providing\na discharge plan that includes treatment and follow up with their primary care physician....
Physical aspects of disease management are often more evident than those related to\nspirituality or spiritual care. Spirituality may appear more crucial in pediatric intensive care units\n(PICUs) when patients are experiencing serious illness or end-of-life situations. This paper describes\nthe meaning of spirituality according to nurses who had worked in PICUs and how they provide\nspiritual care to children and their families. It is an exploratory research using a qualitative approach,\nincluding interviews with eleven PICU nurses. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis; two\nthemes were identified: meanings of spirituality and religiosity according to nurses, and the provision\nof spiritual care to children in the PICU and their families. The interviewed nurses recognized the\nimportance and value of spiritual care and are aware that spiritual needs are considered to be of\nsignificantly less importance than physical treatments. Spiritual care was mainly focused on the\nchildren�s families; the nurses justified the absence of spiritual care to children, based on lack of time\nand children�s age and level of consciousness. These results highlight a deficiency in spiritual care in\nPICUs and demonstrate the need for improved knowledge and demonstrate the need to not only\nraise awareness of the spiritual dimension of children, adolescents, and their families, but also to\nenhance discussion and improve general knowledge on the importance of spirituality in the treatment\nregimen to provide effective holistic care....
Aim: The objective of the review was the analysis of Czech and foreign literature sources and professional periodicals to obtain\na relevant comprehensive overview of validation studies of nursing diagnoses in neonatology. Design: Review. Methods: The\nselection criterion was studies concerning the validation of nursing diagnoses in neonatology. To obtain data from relevant\nsources, the licensed professional databases EBSCO, Web of Science and Scopus were utilized. The search criteria were: date\nof publication ââ?¬â?? unlimited; academic periodicals ââ?¬â?? full text; peer-reviewed periodicals; search language ââ?¬â?? English, Czech and\nSlovak. Results: A total of 788 studies were found. Only 5 studies were eligible for content analysis, dealing specifically with\nvalidation of nursing diagnoses in neonatology. The analysis of the retrieved studies suggests that authors are most often\nconcerned with identifying the defining characteristics of nursing diagnoses applicable to both the mother (parents) and the\nnewborn. The diagnoses were validated in the domains Role Relationship; Coping/Stress tolerance; Activity/Rest, and\nElimination and Exchange. Diagnoses represented were from the field of dysfunctional physical needs as well as the field of\npsychosocial and spiritual needs. The diagnoses were as follows: Parental role conflict (00064); Impaired parenting (00056);\nGrieving (00136); Ineffective breathing pattern (00032); Impaired gas exchange (00030); and Impaired spontaneous ventilation\n(00033). Conclusion: Validation studies enable effective planning of interventions with measurable results and support clinical\nnursing practice....
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