Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2017 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
Skin lightening and tanning are two major areas dominating the market of skincare\nand cosmetic products. Though the demands are originated from two different\ncommunities, the two areas share a same goalââ?¬â?skin colour tuning. The known safe\ncompounds with skin colour tuning activities are limited. In contrary, Chinese medicinal\nherb provides a pool of natural bioactive compounds, which have been used in\nAsian countries for long time and have been tested for its toxicity. Here, we demonstrate\na high throughput screening platform for potential compounds usable for skin\ncolour tuning. From 147 natural compounds, 26 of them showed potential in skin\ntanning functions by using the high throughput melanogenesis platform based on\nthe melanogenesis assay on B16 melanocytes. Five of them promoted melanogenesis\nby over 50%. Moreover, apart from 1, 8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, the other four\ncompounds showed enhancement effect on tyrosinase activity. From the result, the\ncompounds increased the Vmax of tyrosinase without changing the Km in a dosedependent\nmanner. Thus, there should be no irreversible structural change of the\nenzyme. Definitely, this report contributes to the development of personalization in\nskincare and cosmetic products....
Safe and effective ingredients capable of removing undesired hyperpigmentation from\nfacial skin are urgently needed for both pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes. Deoxyarbutin\n(4-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl) oxy] phenol, D-Arb) is a glucoside derivative of hydroquinone.\nHere, we investigated the toxicity and efficacy of D-Arb at the sub-cellular level\n(directly on melanosomes) and skin pigmentation using in vivo and in vitro models to compare\nwith its parent compound hydroquinone (1,4-benzenediol, HQ). At first, we examined\nthe ultrastructural changes of melanosomes in hyperpigmented guinea pig skin induced by\n308-nm monochromatic excimer lightand/or treated with HQ and D-Arb using transmission\nelectron microscopy. The results showed that prominent changes in the melanosomal\nmembrane, such as bulb-like structure and even complete rupture of the outer membranes,\nwere found in the skin after topical application of 5% HQ for 10 days. These changes were\nbarely observed in the skin treated with D-Arb. To further clarify whether membrane toxicity\nof HQ was a direct result of the compound treatment, we also examinedultrastructural\nchanges of individual melanosomes purified from MNT1 human melanoma cells. Similar\nobservations were obtained from the naked melanosome model in vitro. Finally, we determined\nthe effects of melanosomal fractions exposed to HQ or D-Arb on hydroxyl radical\ngeneration in the Fenton reaction utilizing an electron spin resonance assay. D-Arb-treated\nmelanosomesexhibit a moderate hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity, whereas HQ-treated\nmelanosomessignificantly generate more hydroxyl free radicals. This study suggests that\nD-Arb possesses a potent ability in skin lightening and antioxidation with less melanosome\ncytotoxicity....
The history of cosmetics develops in parallel to the history of man, associated with fishing,\nhunting, and superstition in the beginning, and later with medicine and pharmacy. Over the\nages, together with human progress, cosmetics have changed continuously and nowadays the\ncosmetic market is global and highly competitive, where terms such as quality, efficacy and safety are\nessential. Consumers� demands are extremely sophisticated, and thus scientific research and product\ndevelopment have become vital to meet them. Moreover, consumers are aware about environmental\nand sustainability issues, and thus not harming the environment represents a key consideration when\ndeveloping a new cosmetic ingredient. The latest tendencies of cosmetics are based on advanced\nresearch into how to interfere with skin cell aging: research includes the use of biotechnology-derived\ningredients and the analysis of their effects on the biology of the cells, in terms of gene regulation,\nprotein expression and enzymatic activity measures. In this review, we will provide some examples\nof cosmetic active ingredients developed through biotechnological systems, whose activity on the\nskin has been scientifically proved through in vitro and clinical studies....
Background. Skin infections occur commonly and often present therapeutic challenges to practitioners due to the growing\nconcerns regarding multidrug-resistant bacterial, viral, and fungal strains. The antimicrobial properties of zinc sulfate and copper\nsulfate are well known and have been investigated for many years. However, the synergistic activity between these two metal\nions as antimicrobial ingredients has not been evaluated in topical formulations. Objective. The aims of the present study were\nto (1) formulate topical creams and gels containing zinc and copper alone or in combination and (2) evaluate the in vitro\nantibacterial activity of these metal ions in the formulations. Method. Formulation of the gels and creams was followed by evaluating\ntheir organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical properties, and in vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and\nStaphylococcus aureus. Results. Zinc sulfate and copper sulfate had a strong synergistic antibacterial activity in the creams and gels.\nThe minimum effective concentration was found to be 3 w/w% for both active ingredients against the two tested microorganisms.\nConclusions. This study evaluated and confirmed the synergistic in vitro antibacterial effect of copper sulfate and zinc sulfate in a\ncream and two gels....
Sun protection creams were formulated with a commercial rosemary extract and with\nthermal waters from different springs in the Northwest Spain. A six month stability study was carried\nout and microbiological and chemical stability, as well as sensorial characteristics, were evaluated.\nIn all creams, the mesophilic count always remained low (under 10 cfu/mL) and most of them\nshowed greater antioxidant stability than the control cream formulated with distilled water. Color\nwas stable during storage in almost all creams. Sensory analysis showed a quite similar valoration of\nthe creams regardless the sex of the panelists, and small differences were found between consumers\naged 30ââ?¬â??40 and >40. Formulations elaborated from Outariz and A Chavasqueira thermal waters were\npreferred to those prepared with distilled water as a control....
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