Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2017 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 7 Articles
Background: The diagnosis of the progression of periodontitis presently depends on the use of clinical symptoms\n(such as attachment loss) and radiographic imaging. The aim of the multicenter study described here was to\nevaluate the diagnostic use of the bacterial content of subgingival plaque recovered from the deepest pockets in\nassessing disease progression in chronic periodontitis patients.\nMethods: This study consisted of a 24-month investigation of a total of 163 patients with chronic periodontitis\nwho received trimonthly follow-up care. Subgingival plaque from the deepest pockets was recovered and assessed\nfor bacterial content of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans\nusing the modified Invader PLUS assay. The corresponding serum IgG titers were measured using ELISA. Changes in\nclinical parameters were evaluated over the course of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and prediction values\nwere calculated and used to determine cutoff points for prediction of the progression of chronic periodontitis.\nResults: Of the 124 individuals who completed the 24-month monitoring phase, 62 exhibited progression of\nperiodontitis, whereas 62 demonstrated stable disease. The P. gingivalis counts of subgingival plaque from the deepest\npockets was significantly associated with the progression of periodontitis (p < 0.001, positive predictive value = 0.708).\nConclusions: The P. gingivalis counts of subgingival plaque from the deepest pockets may be associated with the\nprogression of periodontitis....
Objective. To compare chondroitin sulphate (CS) levels aroundmaxillary second premolars, firstmolars, and second molars between\nthe unloaded and the loaded periods and to measure the rates of intrusion of maxillary posterior teeth during segmental posterior\ntooth intrusion. Materials and Methods. In this prospective clinical study, 105 teeth (from 15 patients exhibiting anterior open bite\nand requiring maxillary posterior tooth intrusion) were studied. Competitive ELISA was used to detect CS levels. Dental casts\n(during the unloaded and loaded periods) were scanned, and posterior tooth intrusion distances were measured. Results. During\nthe unloaded period, the median CS levels around maxillary second premolars, first molars, second molars (experimental teeth),\nand mandibular first molars (negative control) were 0.006, 0.055, 0.056, and 0.012 and during the loaded period were 2.592, 5.738,\n4.727, and 0.163 ng/...
This study aimed to investigate the effect of enamel caries lesion baseline severity on fluoride dose-response under pH cycling\nconditions. Early caries lesions were created in human enamel specimens at four different severities (8, 16, 24, and 36 h). Lesions\nwere allocated to treatment groups (0, 83, and 367 ppmfluoride as sodiumfluoride) based onVickers surface microhardness (VHN)\nand pHcycled for 5 d.The cyclingmodel comprised 3 Ã?â?? 1 min fluoride treatments sandwiched between 2 Ã?â?? 60 min demineralization\nchallenges with specimens stored in artificial saliva in between. VHN was measured again and changes versus lesion baseline were\ncalculated (Ã?â?VHN). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (...
Thepurpose of this study was to determine the impact of different enamel preparation procedures and compare light cure composite\n(LCC) and resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) on the bond strength of orthodontic metal tubes rebonded to the enamel. Twenty\nhuman molars were divided into two groups (...
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate orthodontic debonding methods by comparing the\nsurface roughness and enamel morphology of teeth after applying two different debonding methods and three\ndifferent polishing techniques.\nMethods: Forty eight human maxillary premolars, extracted for orthodontic reasons, were randomly divided into\nthree groups. Brackets were bonded to teeth with RMGIC (Fuji Ortho LC, GC, Tokyo, Japan) (two groups, n = 18\neach) after acid etching (30s), light cured for 40 s, exposed to thermocycling, then underwent 2 different bracket\ndebonding methods: debonding pliers (Shinye, Hangzhou, China) or enamel chisel (Jinzhong, Shanghai, China); the\nthird group (n = 12) comprised of untreated controls, with normal enamel surface roughness. In each debonded\ngroup, three cleanup techniques (n = 6 each) were tested, including (I) diamond bur (TC11EF, MANI, Tochigi, Japan)\nand One-Gloss (Midi, Shofu, Kyoto, Japan), (II) a Super-Snap disk (Shofu, Kyoto, Japan), and (III) One-Gloss polisher.\nThe debonding methods were compared using the modified adhesive remnant index (ARI, 1ââ?¬â??5). Cleanup efficiencies\nwere assessed by recording operating times. Enamel surfaces were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated with\nscanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface roughness tester, respectively. Two surface roughness variables\nwere evaluated: Ra (average roughness) and Rz (10-point height of irregularities).\nResults: The ARI scores of debonded teeth were similar with debonding pliers and enamel chisel (Chi-square = 2.19,\nP > 0.05). There were significant differences between mean operating time in each group (F = 52.615, P < 0.01).\nThe diamond bur + One-Gloss took the shortest operating time (37.92 Ã?± 3.82 s), followed by the Super-Snap disk\n(56.67 Ã?± 7.52 s), and the One-Gloss polisher (63.50 Ã?± 6.99 s). SEM appearance provided by the One-Gloss polisher\nwas the closest to the intact enamel surface, and surface roughness (Ra: 0.082 Ã?± 0.046 Ã?¼m; Rz: 0.499 Ã?± 0.200 Ã?¼m)\nwas closest to the original enamel (Ra: 0.073 Ã?± 0.048 Ã?¼m; Rz: 0.438 Ã?± 0.213 Ã?¼m); the next best was the Super-Snap\ndisk (Ra: 0.141 Ã?± 0.073 Ã?¼m; Rz: 1.156 Ã?± 0.755 Ã?¼m); then, the diamond bur + One-Gloss (Ra: 0.443 Ã?± 0.172 Ã?¼m;\nRz: 2.202 Ã?± 0.791 Ã?¼m).\nConclusions: Debonding pliers were safer than enamel chisels for removing brackets. Cleanup with One-Gloss\npolisher provided enamel surfaces closest to the intact enamel, but took more time, and Super-Snap disks provided\nacceptable enamel surfaces and efficiencies. The diamond bur was not suitable for removing adhesive remnant...
Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the amount and the distribution of biofilm in patients wearing\nfixed appliances and its relation with age, gender, frequency of tooth brushing, and patient motivation.\nMethods: The sample comprised 52 patients (15.5 Ã?± 3.6 years old, 30 females and 22 males) wearing fixed\northodontic appliances. Dental biofilm was assessed using a modified plaque index (PI). A questionnaire was used\nto collect patientââ?¬â?¢s information, including gender, age, treatment motivation, and frequency of tooth brushing.\nResults: Gingival (PI score = 0.9 Ã?± 0.7), mesial (0.8 Ã?± 0.6), and distal (0.8 Ã?± 0.5) areas accumulated more biofilm than\nocclusal areas (0.3 Ã?± 0.3) (P < 0.038). The maxillary lateral incisors (1.1 Ã?± 0.8) and maxillary canines (1.0 Ã?± 0.8) had more\nbiofilm than other teeth (P < 0.05). The maxillary arch (0.8 Ã?± 0.7) had significantly more biofilm than mandibular arch\n(0.6 Ã?± 0.6) (P = 0.042). No significant difference was found between the right side (0.7 Ã?± 0.7) and left side (0.7 Ã?± 0.6)\n(P = 0.627). Less biofilm was found in females (0.6 Ã?± 0.5), adults (0.3 Ã?± 0.3), and ââ?¬Å?self-motivatedââ?¬Â patients (0.3 Ã?± 0.3),\ncompared with males (0.9 Ã?± 0.5), children (0.8 Ã?± 0.6), and ââ?¬Å?family-motivatedââ?¬Â patients (1.1 Ã?± 0.5) (P < 0.001). The\namount of biofilm was associated with self-report of the frequency of daily tooth brushing (P < 0.001).\nConclusions: Patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances have the highest biofilm accumulation on the maxillary\nlateral incisors and maxillary canines, particularly in the gingival area and areas behind arch wires. Less biofilm was\nobserved in female and adult patients and in those who were self-motivated and brushed their teeth more often....
Background: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to examine the effect of incorporating different concentrations\nof Zirconium oxide-Titanium dioxide (ZrO2-TiO2) nanoparticles, which can have antibacterial properties, on the\nmechanical properties of an orthodontic adhesive.\nMethods: ZrO2-TiO2 (Zirconium oxide, HWNANO, Hongwu International Group Ltd, China) -Titanium dioxide, Nanoshell,\nUSA) nanopowder were incorporated into orthodontic adhesive (Transbond XT, 3 M Unitek, Monrovia, USA) with\ndifferent concentrations (0.5% weight nonofiller and 1% weight nanofiller). The size of nanoparticle was 70ââ?¬â??80 nm for\nZrO2 and less than 50 nm for TiO2. For measuring the shear bond strength of the three groups of orthodontic adhesives\n[Transbond (control), Transbond mixed with 0.5% weight ZrO2-TiO2, and Transbond mixed with 1% weight ZrO2-TiO2],\n30 freshly extracted human first premolars were used and bonded with stainless steel metal brackets (DentaurumÃ?®,\nDiscoveryÃ?®, Deutschland), using the 3 orthodontic adhesives and 3 M Unitek; Transbond TM Plus Self-Etching Primer (10\nsamples in each group). The recorded values of compressive strength and tensile strength (measured separately on 10\nsamples of orthodontic adhesives (add the 3 D size of sample, light cured for 40 s on both sides) of each orthodontic\nadhesives), as well as the shear bond strength in Mega Pascal unit (MPa) were collected and exposed to one-way analysis\nof variance (ANOVA) and Tukeyââ?¬â?¢s post-hoc tests.\nResults: orthodontic adhesive with 1% weight ZrO2-TiO2 showed the highest mean compressive (73.42 Ã?± 1.\n55 MPa, p: 0.003, F: 12.74), tensile strength (8.65 Ã?± 0.74 MPa, p: 0.001, F: 68.20), and shear bond strength (20.05 Ã?± 0.\n2 MPa, p: 0.001, F: 0.17).\nConclusions: Adding ZrO2-TiO2 nanoparticle to orthodontic adhesive increased compressive strength, tensile\nstrength, and shear bond strength in vitro, but in vivo studies and randomized clinical trials are needed to\nvalidate the present findings....
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