Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2017 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 6 Articles
Background: Effective teamwork and sufficient communication are critical components essential to patient safety\nin today�s specialized and complex healthcare services. Team training is important for an improved efficiency in\ninter-professional teamwork within hospitals, however the scientific rigor of studies must be strengthen and more\nresearch is required to compare studies across samples, settings and countries. The aims of the study are to\ntranslate and validate teamwork questionnaires and investigate healthcare personnel�s perception of teamwork in\nhospitals (Part 1). Further to explore the impact of an inter-professional teamwork intervention in a surgical ward on\nstructure, process and outcome (Part 2).\nMethods: To address the aims, a descriptive, and explorative design (Part 1), and a quasi-experimental interventional\ndesign will be applied (Part 2). The study will be carried out in five different hospitals (A-E) in three hospital trusts in\nNorway. Frontline healthcare personnel in Hospitals A and B, from both acute and non-acute departments, will be\ninvited to respond to three Norwegian translated teamwork questionnaires (Part 1). An inter-professional teamwork\nintervention in line with the TeamSTEPPS recommend Model of Change will be implemented in a surgical ward at\nHospital C. All physicians, registered nurses and assistant nurses in the intervention ward and two control wards\n(Hospitals D and E) will be invited to to survey their perception of teamwork, team decision making, safety culture and\nattitude towards teamwork before intervention and after six and 12 months. Adult patients admitted to the intervention\nsurgical unit will be invited to survey their perception of quality of care during their hospital stay before intervention\nand after six and 12 month. Moreover, anonymous patient registry data from local registers and data from patients�\nmedical records will be collected (Part 2).\nDiscussion: This study will help to understand the impact of an inter-professional teamwork intervention in a surgical\nward and contribute to promote healthcare personnel�s team competences with an opportunity to achieve changes in\nwork processes and patient safety....
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a Korean\nNurses� Core Competency Scale (KNCCS). Methods: This methodological research\nwas conducted over two major steps. The first step involved developing\na preliminary 70-item KNCCS based on an extensive literature review and the\nstandards and criteria proposed by the Korean Accreditation of Nursing. The\nsecond step involved evaluating validity and reliability of the KNCCS. 528\nnewly graduated nurses recently employed in nine major hospitals were participated\nin this research for validation. Results: The final KNCCS consisted of\n70 items. The exploratory factor analysis identified five subscales under which\neach item could be categorized: 1) human understanding and communication\nskills; 2) professional attitudes; 3) critical thinking and evaluation; 4) general\nclinical performance; and 5) specific clinical performance. Conclusion: The\nKNCCS shows good reliability and validity. However, the test of both criterion\nand construct validity were recommended further....
Limited adoption of mobile technology for informal learning and continuing professional\ndevelopment within Australian healthcare environments has been explained primarily as an issue\nof insufficient digital and ehealth literacy of healthcare professionals. This study explores nurse\nsupervisors� use of mobile technology for informal learning and continuing professional development\nboth for their own professional practice, and in their role in modelling digital knowledge transfer, by\nfacilitating the learning and teaching of nursing students in the workplace. A convenience sample of\n27 nurse supervisors involved with guiding and supporting undergraduate nurses participated in one\nof six focus groups held in two states of Australia. Expanding knowledge emerged as the key theme of\nimportance to this group of clinicians. Although nurse supervisors regularly browsed Internet sources\nfor learning and teaching purposes, a mixed understanding of the mobile learning activities that\ncould be included as informal learning or part of formal continuing professional development was\ndetected. Participants need educational preparation and access to mobile learning opportunities to\nimprove and maintain their digital and ehealth literacy to appropriately model digital professionalism\nwith students. Implementation of mobile learning at point of care to enable digital knowledge\ntransfer, augment informal learning for students and patients, and support continuing professional\ndevelopment opportunities is necessary. Embedding digital and ehealth literacy within nursing\ncurricula will promote mobile learning as a legitimate nursing function and advance nursing practice...
Background: In Canada, as in other parts of the world, there is geographic maldistribution of the nursing\nworkforce, and insufficient attention is paid to the strengths and needs of those providing care in rural and remote\nsettings. In order to inform workforce planning, a national study, Nursing Practice in Rural and Remote Canada II, was\nconducted with the rural and remote regulated nursing workforce (registered nurses, nurse practitioners, licensed\nor registered practical nurses, and registered psychiatric nurses) with the intent of informing policy and planning\nabout improving nursing services and access to care. In this article, the study methods are described along with an\nexamination of the characteristics of the rural and remote nursing workforce with a focus on important variations\namong nurse types and regions.\nMethods: A cross-sectional survey used a mailed questionnaire with persistent follow-up to achieve a stratified\nsystematic sample of 3822 regulated nurses from all provinces and territories, living outside of the commuting\nzones of large urban centers and in the north of Canada.\nResults: Rural workforce characteristics reported here suggest the persistence of key characteristics noted in a\nprevious Canada-wide survey of rural registered nurses (2001-2002), namely the aging of the rural nursing\nworkforce, the growth in baccalaureate education for registered nurses, and increasing casualization. Two\nthirds of the nurses grew up in a community of under 10 000 people. While nurses� levels of satisfaction with their\nnursing practice and community are generally high, significant variations were noted by nurse type. Nurses reported\ncoming to rural communities to work for reasons of location, interest in the practice setting, and income, and staying\nfor similar reasons. Important variations were noted by nurse type and region.\nConclusions: The proportion of the rural nursing workforce in Canada is continuing to decline in relation to the\nproportion of the Canadian population in rural and remote settings. Survey results about the characteristics\nand practice of the various types of nurses can support workforce planning to improve nursing services and\naccess to care....
Background: The pre-hospital triage process aims at identifying and prioritizing patients in the need of prompt\nintervention and/or evacuation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate triage decision skills in a Mass\nCasualty Incident drill. The study compares two groups of participants in Advanced Trauma Life Support and Pre-\nHospital Trauma Life Support courses.\nMethods: A questionnaire was used to deal with three components of triage of victims in a Mass Casualty Incident:\ndecision-making; prioritization of 15 hypothetical casualties involved in a bus crash; and prioritization for evacuation.\nSwedish Advanced Trauma Life Support and Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support course participants filled in the same\ntriage skills questionnaire just before and after their respective course.\nResults: One hundred fifty-three advanced Trauma Life Support course participants were compared to 175 Pre-\nHospital Trauma Life Support course participants. The response rates were 90% and 95%, respectively. A significant\nimprovement was found between pre-test and post-test for the Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support group in regards\nto decision-making. This difference was only noticeable among the participants who had previously participated in\nMass Casualty Incident drills or had experience of a real event (pre-test mean �± standard deviation 2.4 �± 0.68, posttest\nmean �± standard deviation 2.60 �± 0.59, P = 0.04). No improvement was found between pre-test and post-test for\neither group regarding prioritization of the bus crash casualties or the correct identification of the most injured\npatients for immediate evacuation.\nConclusions: Neither Advanced Trauma Life Support nor Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support participants showed\ngeneral improvement in their tested triage skills. However, participation in Mass Casualty Incident drills or\nexperience of real events prior to the test performed here, were shown to be advantageous for Pre-Hospital\nTrauma Life Support participants. These courses should be modified in order to assure proper training in triage\nskills....
Background: In Japan, the revision of the fee schedules in 2006 introduced a new category of general care ward\nfor more advanced care, with a higher staffing standard, a patient-to-nurse ratio of 7:1. Previous studies have\nsuggested that these changes worsened inequalities in the geographic distribution of nurses, but there have been\nfew quantitative studies evaluating this effect. This study aimed to investigate the association between the\ndistribution of 7:1 beds and the geographic distribution of hospital nursing staffs.\nMethods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of hospital reimbursement reports in 2012 in Japan. The study\nunits were secondary medical areas (SMAs) in Japan, which are roughly comparable to hospital service areas in the\nUnited States. The outcome variable was the nurse density per 100,000 population in each SMA. The 7:1 bed\ndensity per 100,000 population was the main independent variable. To investigate the association between the\nnurse density and 7:1 bed density, adjusting for other variables, we applied a multiple linear regression model, with\nnurse density as an outcome variable, and the bed densities by functional category of inpatient ward as\nindependent variables, adding other variables related to socio-economic status and nurse workforce. To investigate\nwhether 7:1 bed density made the largest contribution to the nurse density, compared to other bed densities, we\nestimated the standardized regression coefficients.\nResults: There were 344 SMAs in the study period, of which 343 were used because of data availability. There were\napproximately 553,600 full time equivalent nurses working in inpatient wards in hospitals. The mean (standard\ndeviation) of the full time equivalent nurse density was 426.4 (147.5) and for 7:1 bed density, the figures were 271.9\n(185.9). The 7:1 bed density ranged from 0.0 to 1,295.5. After adjusting for the possible confounders, there were\nmore hospital nurses in the areas with higher densities of 7:1 beds (standardized regression coefficient 0.62, 95%\nconfidence interval 0.56ââ?¬â??0.68).\nConclusion: We found that the 7:1 nurse staffing standard made the largest contribution to the geographic\ndistribution of hospital nurses, adjusted for socio-economic status and nurse workforce-related factors....
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