Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 6 Articles
Objective. To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of five plant extracts which have been used as traditional medicines by local\nhealers against three multidrug resistant bacteria, namely, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.\nResults.The highest mean zone of inhibition (4.66 mm) was recorded from methanol extract of Calpurnia aurea (Ait.) Benth. at a\nconcentration of 200mg/ml against S. aureus, followedby Croton macrostachyusDel. (4.43 mm) at the same dose and solvent for the\nsame bacterial species, while methanol and chloroformextracts of E. brucei Schwein. did not inhibit growth of any bacterial species.\nThe lowest value (100 ...
Aim. The study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial and antiasthmatic effects of Nandina domestica leaf extract, to find\nout its active components, and to assess its safety issue. Methods. (1) Solid-phase agar dilution method was used for antibacterial\nactivity test of nandina leaf extract and the change of bacterial morphology after treatment was observed under the transmission\nmicroscope; (2) guinea pig model of asthma was used to test the asthma prevention effect of nandina leaf extract; (3) alkaloids and\nflavoneswere separated fromnandina leaf extract andwere further analyzed with HPLC-MS; (4) micemodel was used to assessment\nof the safety issue of nandina leaf extract. Results. (1) Nandina leaf extract inhibited the growth of bacteria and destroyed bacterial\nmembrane; (2) nandina leaf extract alleviated animal allergy and asthma; (3) the components reextracted by ethyl acetate were\nactive, in which alkaloids inhibited Gram-positive bacteria and prevented asthma and flavones inhibited Gram-negative bacteria;\n(4) nandina leaf extract had no toxic effect on mice. Conclusion.Nandina leaves inhibit bacterial growth and prevent asthma through\nalkaloids and flavones, which had integrated function against chronic bronchitis. This study provided theoretical basement for\nproducing new Chinese medicine against chronic bronchitis....
The present study was proposed to investigate the toxicological and prophylactic potential of ethanolic extracts of Rosa damascena\nand Nymphaea alba and their mixture in albino mice. For toxicity study, three different doses of plant extracts were orally\nadministrated to three groups of mice for 14 successive days. Blood biochemistry and histological examinations of liver and kidney\nrevealed that these extracts had no harmful effects up to 1000mg/kg. To determine the prophylactic effects of Rosa damascena,\nNymphaea alba, and their mixture, an infection model of Listeria monocytogenes was established in a pilot study. Establishment of\ninfection was confirmed by changes in haematological parameters and reisolation of Listeria monocytogenes from different tissues.\nResults showed that these extracts alone or in combination could restrict the growth of Listeria monocytogenes in different organs.\nNeutrophils were high in positive control group but remained in normal range in all treated groups. Listeria monocytogenes was\nrecovered in low numbers from animals treated with extract of single plant but was negligible in group treated with mixture of\nextract of plants. Platelets count was increased in treated groups as compared to control. Results confirmed that these extracts are\npotent source of antimicrobial compounds and that they have synergistic effect in combined form....
This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of various plant extracts. A total of 94 kinds of edible plant extracts obtained\nfrom the Korea Plant Extract Bank were screened for cytotoxicity, following which the total phenolic content of 24 shortlisted\nextracts was determined. Of these, extracts from three plants, namely, Castanea crenata (CC) leaf, Camellia japonica (CJ) fruit,\nand Viburnum dilatatum (VD) leaf, were examined for antioxidant capabilities by measuring radical scavenging activity, ferric\nreducing/antioxidant power, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. In addition, cellular antioxidant activities of the three\nextracts were assessed by a cell-based dichlorofluorescein assay and antioxidant response element (ARE) reporter activity assay.\nThe results demonstrated that all three extracts concentration-dependently scavenged free radicals, inhibited lipid peroxidation,\nreduced the cellular level of reactive oxygen species, and increased ARE-luciferase activity, indicating antioxidant enzyme-inducing\npotential. In particular, CJ extract showed significantly greater antioxidative activity and antimigratory effect in a breast cancer cell\nline compared to CC and VD extracts. Hence, CJ extract deserves further study for its in vivo functionality or biologically active\nconstituents....
Heracleum candolleanum (Wight et Arn.) Gamble is an ethno medicinal plant indigenous to Western Ghats. The plant is locally known as 'Vathamparathi’. Kani tribes of Kerala used the decoction of whole plant as a nerve tonic and as an anti-inflammatory agent. The physicochemical and phytochemical analysis of root, leaf and seed of plant was carried out with different standard protocols. Ash values and nutritional values of plant shows significant values and total phenol and phytochemical screenings exhibit the presence of potential phytocomponents. The total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulphated ash and loose on drying of root, leaf and seed provided its material quality. Nutritional values like carbohydrate, protein and total phenol exhibits its edible nature. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of plant parts revealed the presence of various bioactive phytocomponents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, furanocoumarins, glycocides, proteins, carbohydrates, volatile oils etc, among them root extract showed maximum number of phytocomponents....
Epilobium hirsutum Linn. belongs to family Onagraceae, commonly known as great willowherb. E. hirsutum widely used traditional medicine. Despite its popular medicinal utilization, there were no definite phyto-physicochemical data of E. hirsutum has been reported so far for its pharmacognostical standardization. Thus, the research study was designed to investigate the phyto-physicochemical aspects of E. hirsutum. The various physicochemical parameters like ash values, extractive values, volatile oil content, moisture content and fluorescence analysis of E. hirsutum were determined for ascertaining the quality of the crude drug. The preliminary qualitative, as well as quantitative phytochemical analysis and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) of E. hirsutum, were carried out. The various physicochemical parameters of E. hirsutum were ascertained. The phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of carbohydrates, sugar, sterols, triterpenoids, anthraquinone glycosides, saponin glycoside, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds in various extracts of E. hirsutum. The methanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves of E. hirsutum contained a high amount of total phenols and flavonoids as compared to the stem. The HPTLC fingerprinting of various phytochemical in methanol and aqueous extract of E. hirsutum were reported. The present finding can provide useful information regarding establishing pharmacognostic standards for identification, assessing purity, standardization and preparation of monograph of E. hirsutum....
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