Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
The identification and validation of food intake biomarkers (FIBs) in human biofluids\nis a key objective for the evaluation of dietary intake. We report here the analysis of the GC-MS\nand 1H-NMR metabolomes of serum samples from a randomized cross-over study in 11 healthy\nvolunteers having consumed isocaloric amounts of milk, cheese, and a soy drink as non-dairy\nalternative. Serum was collected at baseline, postprandially up to 6 h, and 24 h after consumption.\nA multivariate analysis of the untargeted serum metabolomes, combined with a targeted analysis\nof candidate FIBs previously reported in urine samples from the same study, identified galactitol,\ngalactonate, and galactono-1,5-lactone (milk), 3-phenyllactic acid (cheese), and pinitol (soy drink) as\ncandidate FIBs for these products. Serum metabolites not previously identified in the urine samples,\ne.g., 3-hydroxyisobutyrate after cheese intake, were detected. Finally, an analysis of the postprandial\nbehavior of candidate FIBs, in particular the dairy fatty acids pentadecanoic acid and heptadecanoic\nacid, revealed specific kinetic patterns of relevance to their detection in future validation studies.\nTaken together, promising candidate FIBs for dairy intake appear to be lactose and metabolites thereof,\nfor lactose-containing products, and microbial metabolites derived from amino acids, for fermented\ndairy products such as cheese....
Objectives. To assess the performance of urine markers determined in urine samples from the bladder compared to samples\ncollected from the upper urinary tract (UUT) for diagnosis of UUT urothelial carcinoma (UC). Patients and Methods. The study\ncomprised 758 urine samples either collected from the bladder (n = 373) or UUT (n = 385). All patients underwent\nurethrocystoscopy and UUT imaging or ureterorenoscopy. Cytology, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunocytology\n(uCyt+), and nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) were performed. Results. UUT UC was diagnosed in 59 patients (19.1%)\n(UUT urine) and 27 patients (7.2%) (bladder-derived urine). For UUT-derived samples, sensitivities for cytology, FISH,\nNMP22, and uCyt+ were 74.6, 79.0, 100.0, and 100.0, while specificities were 66.6, 50.7, 5.9, and 66.7%, respectively. In\nbladder-derived samples, sensitivities were 59.3, 52.9, 62.5, and 50.0% whereas specificities were 82.9, 85.0, 31.3, and 69.8%.\nIn UUT-derived samples, concomitant bladder cancer led to increased false-positive rates of cytology and FISH. Conclusions.\nUrine markers determined in urine collected from the UUT exhibit better sensitivity but lower specificity compared to markers\ndetermined in bladder-derived urine. Concomitant or recent diagnosis of UC of the bladder can further influence markers\ndetermined in UUT urine....
Introduction.While several studies have compared the radiofrequency current (RFC) and cryoablation for the treatment of patients\nwith atrial fibrillation (AF), no study has monitored the long-term outcomes with the usage of implantable loop recorders (ILRs).\nMethods.We enrolled 89 consecutive patients with nonvalvular paroxysmal AF (...
Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis (SSc) is frequently detected at an advanced stage due to diagnosis difficulties. Salivary biomarkers,\nif existing, could be used for predictive diagnosis of this disease. Human saliva contains a large number of proteins that can be used\nfor diagnosis and are of great potential in clinical research. The use of proteomic analysis to characterize whole saliva (WS) in\nSSc has gained an increasing attention in the last years and the identification of salivary proteins specific for SSc could lead to\nearly diagnosis or new therapeutic targets. This review will present an overview about the use ofWS in SSc studies. The proteomic\ntechnologies currently used for global identification of salivary proteins in SSc, as well as the advantages and limitations for the use\nofWS as a diagnostic tool, will be presented....
Zinc is an essential trace element for living organisms and their biological processes.\nZinc plays a key role in more than 300 enzymes and it is involved in cell communication, proliferation,\ndifferentiation and survival. Zinc plays also a role in regulating the immune system with implications\nin pathologies where zinc deficiency and inflammation are observed. In order to examine the\nexperimental evidence reported in the literature regarding zinc levels in the body of patients with\nautoimmune disorders compared to control individuals, a systematic review and meta-analysis were\nperformed. From 26,095 articles identified by literature search, only 179 of them were considered\npotentially relevant for our study and then examined. Of the 179 articles, only 62 satisfied the\ninclusion criteria. Particularly for Fixed Model, Zn concentration in both serum (mean effect = âË?â??1.19;\nconfidence interval: âË?â??1.26 to âË?â??1.11) and plasma (mean effect = âË?â??3.97; confidence interval: âË?â??4.08 to\nâË?â??3.87) samples of autoimmune disease patients was significantly lower than in controls. The data\npresented in our work, although very heterogeneous in the manner of collecting and investigating\nsamples, have proved to be extremely consistent in witnessing a deficiency of zinc in serum and\nplasma of patients compared to controls....
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