Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 6 Articles
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) when exposed to a prolonged period of extreme cold.\nDesign: This research study utilized descriptive qualitative research design.\nMethods: Face-to-\nface\ninterview sessions with audio recording were conducted.\nThere were 30 informants who participated in the study. Descriptive phenomenology\nwith Colaizzi�s method of data analysis was used.\nResults: Results revealed three themes, namely: (i) elucidating cold exposure; (ii) challenges\nof cold exposure; and (iii) translating adverse exposure to self-management.\nThe\nresults further revealed the significance of nursing health care especially to health promotion,\ndisease prevention and health restoration especially in community setting.\nConclusion: In conclusion, manifestations of CAD are triggered when exposed to a\nprolonged period of extremely low environmental temperature....
This research was undertaken to develop a cardiovascular simulator for use in the study of pulse diagnosis. The physical (i.e.,\npulse wave transmission and reflection) and physiological (i.e., systolic and diastolic pressure, pulse pressure, and mean pressure)\ncharacteristics of the radial pulse wave were reproduced by our simulator. The simulator consisted of an arterial component and\na pulse-generating component. Computer simulation was used to simplify the arterial component while maintaining the elastic\nmodulus and artery size. To improve the reflected wave characteristics, a palmar arch was incorporated within the simulator.The\nsimulated radial pulse showed good agreement with clinical data....
Gait disturbance due to motor paralysis affects activities of daily living and\nquality of life in patients with stroke. Thus, commencing walking training\nfrom the acute phase of recovery is essential. This study aimed to clarify the\nfactors affecting the walking ability of hemiplegic stroke patients. Eighty hospitalized\npatients with a first chemic or hemorrhagic stroke within 1 year but\nnot less than 1 month after stroke onset were included in this study. The dependent\nvariable was walking ability (Functional Independence Measure\n[FIM] locomotion score), and the independent variables were spirituality\n(Spirituality Rating Scale-A [SRS-A]), amount of social support (Japanese version\nof the Abbreviated Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support,\nfrequency of family visit), stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke\nScale [NIHSS]), degree of motor paralysis (lower extremity Brunnstrom\nstage), the lower limb loading force of the affected and unaffected side, and\nage. Spearmanââ?¬â?¢s rank correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis\nwere performed. Multiple regression analysis showed that FIM locomotion\nscore was associated with NIHSS (standard partial regression coefficient =\nâË?â??0.362, P < 0.001), the unaffected lower limb loading force (standard partial\nregression coefficient = 0.264, P < 0.001), lower extremity Brunnstrom stage\n(standard partial regression coefficient = 0.352, P < 0.001), and SRS-A (standard\npartial regression coefficient = 0.184, P < 0.011). From our findings,\nwalking ability was affected by stroke severity and the degree of paralysis, the\nunaffected lower limb loading force, and the spirituality level in patients with\nstroke. Promoting walking ability in patients with stroke includes training the\nunaffected lower limb and heightening spirituality. Training of the unaffected\nlower limb should be performed at the bedside or on the bed by the patient or\na bedside nurse. To heighten spirituality, nurses who care for patients with\nstroke are encouraged to practice active listening and to show sympathy as\npart of emotional support and spiritual care....
Background: Nurses often have difficulties with using interdisciplinary stroke guidelines for patients with stroke as\nthey do not focus sufficiently on nursing. Therefore, the Stroke Nursing Guideline (SNG) was developed and\nimplemented. The aim of this study was to determine the implementation and feasibility of the SNG in terms of\nchanges in documentation and use of the guideline in the care of stroke patients on Neurological and Rehabilitation\nwards, barriers and facilitators, and nurses� and auxiliary nurses� view of the implementation.\nMethods: A sequential explorative mixed method design was used including pre-test post-test measures and post\nintervention focus groups interviews. For the quantitative part retrospective electronic record data of nursing care was\ncollected from 78 patients and prospective measures with Barriers and Facilitators Assessment Instrument (BFAI) and\nQuality Indicator Tool (QIT) from 33 nursing staff including nurses and auxiliary nurses. In the qualitative part focus\ngroups interviews were conducted with nursing staff on usefulness of the SNG and experiences with implementation.\nResults: Improved nursing documentation was found for 23 items (N = 37), which was significant for nine items\nfocusing mobility (p = 0.002, p = 0.024, p = 0.012), pain (p = 0.012), patient teaching (p = 0.001, p = 0.000) and discharge\nplanning (p = 0.000, p = 0.002, p = 0.004). Improved guideline use was found for 20 QIT-items (N = 30), with significant\nimprovement on six items focusing on mobility (p = 0.023), depression (p = 0.033, p = 0.025, p = 0.046, p = 0.046),\ndischarge planning (p = 0.012). Facilitating characteristics for change were significantly less for two of four BFAIsubscales,\nnamely Innovation (p = 0.019) and Context (p = 0.001), whereas no change was found for Professional and\nPatient subscales. The findings of the focus group interviews showed the SNG to be useful, improving and providing\nconsistency in care. The implementation process was found to be successful as essential components of nursing\nrehabilitation were defined and integrated into daily care.\nConclusion: Nursing staff found the SNG feasible and implementation successful. The SNG improved nursing care,\nwith increased consistency and more rigorous functional exercises than before. The SNG provides nurses and auxiliary\nnurses with an important means for evidence based care for patients with stroke. Several challenges of implementing\nthis complex nursing intervention surfaced which mandates ongoing attention....
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is themost common cause of death in the world. Recent studies have shown an association between\nadrenal insufficiency (AI) and increased cardiovascular risk (CVR). Patients with AI receive glucocorticoid (GC) replacement\ntherapy which can lead to varying levels of blood cortisol. It was shown that these imbalances in blood cortisol may lead to a higher\nprevalence of coronary heart disease, major adverse coronary events, and increased mortality. GC substitution is essential in the\ntreatment ofAIwithoutwhich the disease has been shown to be fatal.Themost frequently usedGC formula for replacement therapy\nis hydrocortisone (HC). There is no uniformopinion on hydrocortisone replacement therapy. Alternative GC such as prednisolone\nis also in use. Overreplacement of GC may lead to adverse effects including obesity, high blood pressure, and hyperglycaemia.\nOutcome may vary between primary and secondary AI mainly due to differences in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system\n(RAAS). Furthermore, decreased blood levels of cortisol may lead to a compensatory secretion of inflammatory mediators such as\nInterleukin-1 (IL-1), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and/or tumor-necrosis factor (TNF). Physicians and patients should be properly educated\nabout the increased risk of CVD in patients with AI....
Background. Legume consumption is suggested to have protective effects against cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the\ngeneral population, but the results have been equivocal. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to assess\nthe association between legume consumption and risk of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality. Methods and Results. Medline\n(via Ovid) and EMBASE (via Ovid) databases were searched through April 2017 to identify eligible studies. The two authors\nindependently extracted the data and the adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by using\na random-effects model. A total of 6 studies were identified, including the sizes of participants ranging from 23,601 to 59,485\nwith a sum of 21,8997. Comparing the highest category with the lowest, the pooled RR (95% CI) was 0.96 (0.86ââ?¬â??1.06) for CVD\nmortality and 0.93 (0.87ââ?¬â??0.99) for all-cause mortality. Conclusions. Results from the current study show that high legume intakes\nare associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality. In consideration of the small number of studies, the evidence for assessing\nrelationship between legumes intake and risk of all-cause mortality remains inclusive and warrants further study in the future.\nFurther, consuming legumes does not increase the risk of CVD mortality....
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