Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
Traumatic cervical syndrome comprises the various symptoms that occur as a result of external force such as that of a traffic accident.\nIn 1995, the Quebec Task Force on whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) formulated the Quebec classification, with accompanying\nclinical practice guidelines. These guidelines were in accordance with the stated clinical isolated or combined symptoms of the\nsyndrome: neck pain, headaches, dizziness, numbness of head or face, eye pain, vision loss, double vision, tinnitus, hearing loss,\nnausea, and numbness and/or weakness of extremities. In recent years, cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia or fibromyalgia has been\nrecognized as a major notable cause of a variety of symptoms, although many clinical questions remain regarding the pathology\nof this syndrome. Therefore, its diagnosis and treatment should be conducted extremely carefully.While the Quebec classification\nand its guidelines are very useful for the normalization and standardization of symptoms of traumatic cervical syndrome, in the\nfuture, we would like to see the emergence of new guidelines that better address the diversity of this disease....
Introduction. Polymethacrylate (PMMA) is commonly used in vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty, but its use has been\nassociated with complications. This study tests three hypotheses: (1) whether strontium hydroxyapatite (Sr-HA) is equivalent to\nPMMA for restoring thoracolumbar vertebral body fractures, (2) whether the incidence of PMMA leakage is similar to that of\nSr-HA leakage, and (3) whether Sr-HAis is resorbed and substituted by new vertebral bone. Materials and Methods. Two age- and\nsex-matched groups received short percutaneous pedicle screwfixation plus PEEK implant (Kiva,VCF Treatment System, Benvenue\nMedical, Santa Clara, CA, USA) filled with either Sr-HA (Group A) orPMMA(Group B) after A2- and A3/AO-type thoracolumbar\nvertebral body fractures. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and imaging parameters, which included segmental kyphosis angle\n(SKA), vertebral body height ratios (VBHr), spinal canal encroachment (SCE), bone cement leakage, and Sr-HA resorption, were\ncompared between the two groups. Results.The average follow-up was 28 months. No differences in VAS scores between Groups A\nand B were observed at baseline. Baseline back pain in both groups improved significantly three months postoperatively. Anterior,\nmiddle, and posterior VBHr did not differ between the two groups at any time point. SKA was improved insignificantly in both\ngroups. SCE decreased insignificantly in both groups on 12-month follow-up using computed tomography (CT). PMMA leakage\nwas observed in one patient, while no Sr-HA paste leakages occurred. Sr-HA resorption and replacement with vertebral bone were\nobserved, and no new fractures were observed. Conclusions. As all hypotheses were confirmed, the authors recommend the use of\nSr-HA instead of PMMA in traumatic spine fractures, although more patients and longer follow-up will be needed to strengthen\nthese results. This trial is registered with NCT03431519....
Physical inactivity is important to address, and an objective way of measuring inactivity is by accelerometry.The objective of this\nstudy was to determine the reliability and construct validity of the SENS motion system to record physical activity and inactivity in\npatients with knee osteoarthritis. Participants with an age > 40 years and an average weekly pain above 0 on a numeric rating scale\n(0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain) were included. Participants had a total of two study visits and at each visit participants completed a\nstandardized activity. Data from 24 participants were analysed. A mean agreement of 99% (SD 3%) for sedentary behaviour and a\nmean agreement of 97% (SD9%) for active behaviourwere found.Theagreement for ââ?¬Å?walkingââ?¬Â was 28%(SD18%).Mean agreement\nbetween recordings on the two visits was 96% (SD 8%) for sedentary behaviour and 99% (SD 1%) for active behaviour.The SENS\nmotion activity measurement system can be regarded as a reliable and valid device for measuring sedentary behaviour in patients\nwith knee OA, whereas detection of walking is not reliable and would require further work...
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin and bacterial cell wall component that is capable of inducing inflammation and\nimmunological activity. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP), the minimal essential structural unit responsible for the immunological\nactivity of peptidoglycans, is another inflammation-inducing molecule that is ubiquitously expressed by bacteria. Several studies\nhave shown that inflammation-related biological activities were synergistically induced by interactions between LPS and MDP.\nMDP synergistically enhances production of proinflammatory cytokines that are induced by LPS exposure. Injection of MDP\ninduces lethal shock in mice challenged with LPS. LPS also induces osteoclast formation and pathological bone resorption; MDP\nenhances LPS induction of both processes. Furthermore, MDP enhances the LPS-induced receptor activator of NF-�ºB ligand\n(RANKL) expression and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, MDP enhances LPSinduced\nmitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in stromal cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that MDP\nplays an important role in LPS-induced biological activities. This review discusses the role of MDP in LPS-mediated biological\nactivities, primarily in relation to osteoclastogenesis....
Background. Restoration of the mechanical axis is amain objective in total knee replacement (TKR). Aim of this study was to analyse\nthe verification tool of a pinless navigation system in conventional TKR (cTKR). Methods. In a prospective study, 147 TKR were\nperformed by conventional technique. Using the ââ?¬Å?pinless verificationââ?¬Â mode of a smartphone based navigation system, the cutting\nblock position and final resection plane for distal femur and proximal tibial resectionweremeasured. If necessary, the block position\nor resection level were optimized, corrections were protocolled. Postoperatively, standardized radiographs were performed. Results.\nIn 65.3%, intraoperative measurements changed the surgical procedure (corrections: 20.4% femoral, 25.9% tibial, 19% both). The\nadditional time for surgery compared to cTKR averaged 6 minutes (79 Ã?± 15 versus 73 Ã?± 17 minutes). Using navigation data, the\nfinal femoral and tibial axes were in 93% within a range of Ã?±2âË?Ë?. A mean difference of 1.4âË?Ë? and 1.6âË?Ë? could be shown between the final\nmeasurement of the navigation system and the postoperative mLDFA and mMPTA. Conclusion. Intraoperative pinless navigation\nhas impact on the surgical procedure in the majority of cTKR. It represents a less time-consuming tool to improve implant position\nwhile maintaining the routine of conventional technique....
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