Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 7 Articles
Autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness (adCSNB) is rare and results from altered phototransduction giving a\nRiggs type of electroretinogram (ERG) with loss of the rod a-wave and small b-waves. These patients usually have normal vision\nin light. Only few mutations in genes coding for proteins of the phototransduction cascade lead to this condition; most of these\ngene defects cause progressive rod-cone dystrophy. Mutation analysis of an adCSNB family with a Riggs-type ERG revealed a\nnovel variant (c.155T>A p.Ile52Asn) in GNAT1 coding for the ...
Purpose. To investigate the differences in axial length, corneal curvature, and corneal astigmatism with age in patients with Marfan\nsyndrome (MFS) and ectopia lentis. Methods. A retrospective case series study was conducted. MFS patients with ectopia lentis were\ndivided into groups according to age. Axial length, corneal curvature, and corneal astigmatism were measured. Results. This study\nincluded 114 MFS patients (215 eyes) with a mean age of 19.0 �± 13.9 years. Axial length differed significantly across age groups in\nMFS patients (P < 0 001), whereas corneal curvature did not (P = 0 767). Corneal astigmatism was statistically significant\nthroughout the MFS cohort (P = 0 009), but no significant difference was found in young MFS patients (P = 0 838). With\nincreasing age, the orientation of the corneal astigmatism changed from with-the-rule astigmatism to against-the-rule or oblique\nastigmatism (P < 0 001). A linear correlation analysis showed weak correlations between age and axial length for both eyes and\nwith corneal astigmatism for the left eye, but there was no correlation between age and corneal curvature. Conclusions. In MFS,\naxial length varies with age, corneal curvature remains stable, and corneal astigmatism is higher in young patients and tends to\nshift toward against-the-rule or oblique astigmatism. Therefore, it is important to consider age when diagnosing MFS with\nocular biometric data....
Purpose. To evaluate navigated laser photocoagulation for the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods.\nRetrospective study of 25 eyes (21 patients) treated with Navilas 577+ focal laser system. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA)\nand spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters were measured at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months, and final\nvisit. Results. The mean follow-up period was 12.8 Ã?± 2.4 (7ââ?¬â??16 months). All subjects had history of previous treatment which\nwas injection of triamcinolone acetonide or antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. The navigated laser\nphotocoagulation was delivered to the microaneurysms on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in 21 of 25 eyes (84%),\nfluorescein angiography (FA) guided in 3 eyes, and OCT angiography guided in 1 eye. After initial navigated laser treatment, 16\nof 25 eyes (64%) were needed additional navigated laser photocoagulation, injection of triamcinolone acetonide, and/or injection\nof VEGF agents. Although median BCVA remained stable, the central retinal thickness and macular volume were significantly\ndecreased over 6 months (p < 0 05). All patients were treated without complications. Conclusions. Focal photocoagulation using\nNavilas 577+ showed to be effective in treating DME with improvement in macular edema on OCT over 6 months. Navilas 577+\nwas beneficial to perform navigated laser photocoagulation based on three modalities (ICGA, FA, and OCT angiography)....
Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3), a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, is important\nfor both normal myeloid and lymphoid differentiation. It has been implicated in mice and humans for potential multilineage\ndifferentiation. We found that mice deficient in Flt3 or mice that received an Flt3 inhibitor (AC220) showed significantly\nreduced areas of ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization (RNV) and laser-induced choroidal NV (CNV) (P < 0 05).\nIncreased Flt3 expression at the protein level was detected in retinas of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice at P15 and P18\nduring retinal NV (RNV) progression. We subsequently found that macrophages (Mphi) polarization was regulated at the site\nof CNV in Flt3-deficient mice. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that Flt3 deficiency shifted Mphi polarization towards an\nM2 phenotype during RNV with significant reduction in M1 cytokine expression when compared to the wild-type controls\n(P < 0 05). Based on the above findings, we concluded that Flt3 inhibition alleviated ocular NV by promoting a Mphi\npolarization shift towards the M2 phenotype. Therapies targeting Flt3 may provide a new approach for the treatment of ocular NV....
We report the sequential changes of retinal vessels observed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in a case of\nnonischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) that converted to ischemic CRVO. An 81-year-old woman visited our Retina\nClinic because of visual acuity loss in the left eye. Funduscopic examination showed venous tortuosity and intraretinal hemorrhage\nin all four quadrants of the fundus. OCT showed macular edema. Fluorescein angiography (FA) and OCTA showed loss of small\ncapillaries. Nonischemic CRVO was diagnosed. Antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment resolved the edema and\nimproved visual acuity.However, during follow-up, capillary dropout was observed onOCTA,which gradually enlarged. Eventually,\nFAconfirmed the conversion to ischemic CRVO. In this case, sequential observations usingOCTAshowed that nonischemic CRVO\ndid not convert to ischemic CRVOabruptly but occurred stepwise.Additionally, vascular changes began around the veins and blood\nflow changes were observed more clearly in deep capillary plexus than in superficial capillary plexus....
Intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents have been reported to occasionally produce a\ntherapeutic effect in the uninjected fellow eye. Here, three patients with bilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration are\npresented. In all three patients, unilateral anti-VEGF injection resulted in bilateral reduction of macular thickness as measured by\nspectral domain optical coherence tomography....
Carcinoma of the conjunctiva is a malignant tumor which is mostly detected and surgically treated at an early stage because of\nmedical or cosmetic problems. Exceptions of this rule may occur in developing countries, where patients do not have access\nto standard medical care systems. We report the case of a conjunctival carcinoma in an African patient with an unusually late\npresentation. Because of local medical shortcomings, and considering the severe, trans mural inflammation of anterior ocular\nstructures, an exenteration was performed although the orbit was not deeply involved with the tumor.The strong nuclear expression\nof p53 indicates a major role of UV exposure in this case. A total of 16-month follow-up in this patient and larger published series\nsuggest that the risk of metastasis is rather low under those circumstances, even with invasive tumors....
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