Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 5 Articles
Background: Radionuclide-excited luminescence imaging is an optical radionuclide\nimaging strategy to reveal the distributions of radioluminescent nanophosphors\n(RLNPs) inside small animals, which uses radioluminescence emitted from RLNPs\nwhen excited by high energy rays such as gamma rays generated during the decay of\nradiotracers used in clinical nuclear medicine imaging. Currently, there is no report of\ntomographic imaging based on radioluminescence.\nMethods: In this paper, we proposed a gamma rays excited radioluminescence\ntomography (GRLT) to reveal three-dimensional distributions of RLNPs inside a small\nanimal using radioluminescence through image reconstruction from surface measurements\nof radioluminescent photons using an inverse algorithm. The diffusion equation\nwas employed to model propagations of radioluminescent photons in biological\ntissues with highly scattering and low absorption characteristics.\nResults: Phantom and artificial source-implanted mouse model experiments were\nemployed to test the feasibility of GRLT, and the results demonstrated that the ability of\nGRLT to reveal the distribution of RLNPs such as Gd2O2S:Tb using the radioluminescent\nsignals when excited by gamma rays produced from 99mTc.\nConclusions: With the emerging of targeted RLNPs, GRLT can provide new possibilities\nfor in vivo and noninvasive examination of biological processes at cellular levels.\nEspecially, combining with Cerenkov luminescence imaging, GRLT can achieve dual\nmolecular information of RLNPs and nuclides using single optical imaging technology....
Background: The present study contrasts the accuracy of different reconstructed\nmodels with distinctive segmentation methods performed by various experts. Seven\nresearch groups reconstructed nine 3D models of one human femur based on an\nacquired CT image using their own computational methods. As a reference model for\naccuracy assessment, a 3D surface scan of the human femur was created using an optical\nmeasuring system. Prior to comparison, the femur was divided into four areas; ââ?¬Å?neck\nand greater trochanterââ?¬Â, ââ?¬Å?proximal metaphysisââ?¬Â, ââ?¬Å?diaphysisââ?¬Â, and ââ?¬Å?distal metaphysisââ?¬Â. The\ndeviation analysis was carried out in GEOMAGIC studio v.2013 software.\nResults: The results revealed that the highest deviation errors occurred in ââ?¬Å?neck and\ngreater trochanterââ?¬Â area and ââ?¬Å?proximal metaphysisââ?¬Â area with RMSE of 0.84 and 0.83 mm\nrespectively.\nConclusion: In conclusion, this study shows that the average deviation of reconstructed\nmodels prepared by experts with various methods, skills and software from\nthe surface 3D scan is lower than 0.79 mm, which is not a significant discrepancy....
Cross-sectional imaging has become a critical aspect in the evaluation of arterial injuries.\nIn particular, angiography using computed tomography (CT) is the imaging of choice. A variety of\ntechniques and options are available when evaluating for arterial injuries. Techniques involve contrast\nbolus, various phases of contrast enhancement, multiplanar reconstruction, volume rendering,\nand maximum intensity projection. After the images are rendered, a variety of features may be\nseen that diagnose the injury. This article provides a general overview of the techniques, important\nfindings, and pitfalls in cross sectional imaging of arterial imaging, particularly in relation to\ncomputed tomography. In addition, the future directions of computed tomography, including\na few techniques in the process of development, is also discussed....
Combined ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging has attracted significant interests for intravascular imaging such as atheromatous\nplaque detection, with ultrasound imaging providing spatial location and morphology and photoacoustic imaging highlighting\nmolecular composition of the plaque. Conventional ultrasound imaging systems utilize piezoelectric ultrasound transducers,\nwhich suffer from limited frequency bandwidths and reduced sensitivity with miniature transducer elements. Recent advances\non optical methods for both ultrasound generation and detection have shown great promise, as they provide efficient and\nultrabroadband ultrasound generation and sensitive and ultrabroadband ultrasound detection. As such, all-optical ultrasound\nimaging has a great potential to become a next generation ultrasound imaging method. In this paper, we review recent\ndevelopments on optical ultrasound transmitters, detectors, and all-optical ultrasound imaging systems, with a particular focus\non fiber-based probes for intravascular imaging. We further discuss our thoughts on future directions on developing combined\nall-optical photo acoustic and ultrasound imaging systems for intravascular imaging....
Purpose. To establish an 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT)\nmathematical prediction model to improve the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Materials and Methods. We\nretrospectively reviewed 177 consecutive patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for evaluation of SPNs. The mathematical\nmodel was established by logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic capabilities of the model were calculated, and the areas under\nthe receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were compared withMayo andVA model. Results.The mathematical model was\n...
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