Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 7 Articles
Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone compared with\nprednisone alone in Asian patients with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer\n(mCRPC), and to identify predictive factors.\nMethods: We reviewed the medical records of 60 patients with chemotherapy-naive mCRPC at Renji Hospital who\nwere treated with AA plus prednisone (n = 43) or prednisone alone (n = 17). All patients were assessed for prostatespecific\nantigen (PSA) response, PSA progression-free survival (PSA PFS), radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS),\nand overall survival (OS). The ability of several parameters to predict PSA PFS, rPFS, and OS was studied.......................
Introduction. The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) considerably increases the mortality rate in polytrauma victims.\nUndoubtedly, early identification of patients at risk is crucial for timely implementation of preventive strategies in order to improve\ntheir prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (sNGAL) may serve as a\ndiagnostic biomarker of early AKI in polytrauma victims, especially considering patients needing renal replacement theory (RRT).\nMaterial and Methods. Forty consecutive polytrauma victims (ISS greaterthan or equal to 16, AISThorax greaterthan or equal to 1, age greaterthan or equal to 18 years, survival time greaterthan or equal to 48 hours),\ndirectly admitted to our level I trauma center within one posttraumatic hour, were enrolled in our prospective study. sNGAL-levels\nwere assessed at admission (initial) and on day 2 after trauma. AKI was diagnosed by an increase of serum creatinine (sCr) level\nof at least 0.3mg/dl within 48 hours. Results. Out of 30 men and 10 women (mean age, 43 years; mean ISS, 29), seven patients\ndeveloped AKI, four of them needing RRT. AKI was diagnosed in 86% of the affected individuals until day 2. Day2-sNGAL-levels\nwere higher in the AKI-group, compared to the no-AKI-group (p=0.049), and in patients treated with RRT than in individuals\nnot needing RRT (p=0.037). Noteworthy, in patients not needing RRT sNGAL-levels significantly decreased from initial to day2-\nmeasurement (p=0.040). Furthermore, at any time point during our observation period polytraumatized patients with AKI and\nday2-sNGAL-levels of at least 181.0 ng/mL presented with higher sCr-levels compared to polytraumatized patients without AKI and\nday2-sNGAL-levels lower than 181.0 ng/mL (p less than or equal to 0.029). Conclusion. Inpolytrauma victims sufferingAKI an increase in sNGAL-level\nfrom initial to day2-assessment may signalize deterioration in kidney function and thus indicate AKI progression. Unlike initial\nsNGAL-levels day2-sNGAL-levels might be an appropriate tool to define AKI and to signify the need of RRT in polytraumatized\npatients....
Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of cardiovascular\ndiseases even in its early stages and is associated with structural and functional cardiac abnormalities.\nThe aim of this study was to use speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) to evaluate left and right\nventricle mechanics and function, markers of subclinical dysfunction in patients with end-stage\nrenal disease (ESRD) undergoing haemodialysis. Methods: Patients with ESRD undergoing regular\nhaemodialysis and with preserved left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (n = 38) were enrolled\nin this retrospective study. The control group consisted of 32 age-matched persons with normal\nkidney function (glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >90 mL/min/1.73 m2 according to Chronic Kidney\nDisease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI)). Conventional 2D echocardiography and STE were\nperformed in all patients. Results: 70 individuals, 31 (44.29%) males and 39 (55.71%) females,\nwere included in the study. There were no significant differences in age, sex and body surface\narea between the groups�����.....
Introduction. The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) considerably increases the mortality rate in polytrauma victims.\nUndoubtedly, early identification of patients at risk is crucial for timely implementation of preventive strategies in order to improve\ntheir prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (sNGAL) may serve as a\ndiagnostic biomarker of early AKI in polytrauma victims, especially considering patients needing renal replacement theory (RRT).\nMaterial and Methods. Forty consecutive polytrauma victims........................
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Background: Nephrolithiasis is a global healthcare problem with a current lifetime risk of 18.8% in men and 9.4% in\nwomen. Given the high cost of medical treatments and surgical interventions as well as the morbidity related to\nsymptomatic stone disease, medical prophylaxis for stone recurrence is an attractive approach. Thiazide diuretics have\nbeen the cornerstone of pharmacologic metaphylaxis for more than 40 years. However, evidence for benefits and\nharms of thiazides in the prevention of calcium containing kidney stones in general remains unclear. In addition, the\nefficacy of the currently employed low dose thiazide regimens to prevent stone recurrence is not known.................
The effect of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is\ncontroversial. We examined the prospective association between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) serology status\nand incident CKD in a large cohort of men and women.\nMethods: Cohort study of 299,913 adults free of CKD at baseline who underwent health screening exams between\nJanuary 2002 and December 2016 in South Korea. Incident CKD was defined as the development of an estimated\nglomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 and/or proteinuria....
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