Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 6 Articles
Background: Computer-aided diagnosis of skin lesions is a growing area of research, but its application to\nnonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is relatively under-studied. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the\nresearch that has been conducted on automated detection of NMSC using digital images and to assess the\nquality of evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of these technologies.\nMethods: Eight databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect,\nand the ACM Digital Library) were searched to identify diagnostic studies of NMSC using image-based machine learning\nmodels. Two reviewers independently screened eligible articles. The level of evidence of each study was evaluated using\na five tier rating system, and the applicability and risk of bias of each study was assessed using the Quality Assessment of\nDiagnostic Accuracy Studies tool.\nResults: Thirty-nine studies were reviewed. Twenty-four models were designed to detect basal cell carcinoma, two were\ndesigned to detect squamous cell carcinoma, and thirteen were designed to detect both. All studies were conducted in\nsilico. The overall diagnostic accuracy of the classifiers, defined as concordance with histopathologic diagnosis, was high,\nwith reported accuracies ranging from 72 to 100% and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranging\nfrom 0.832 to 1. Most studies had substantial methodological limitations, but several were robustly designed and\npresented a high level of evidence.\nConclusion: Most studies of image-based NMSC classifiers report performance greater than or equal to the reported\ndiagnostic accuracy of the average dermatologist, but relatively few studies have presented a high level of evidence.\nClinical studies are needed to assess whether these technologies can feasibly be implemented as a real-time aid for\nclinical diagnosis of NMSC....
Background: Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease is commonly an opportunistic infection frequently\nfound in immunocompromised individuals, but sometimes can also be found in the immunocompetent hosts,\nespecially in East Asians. The NTM separation rate in China is increasing, which reminds us to focus on NTM\ninfections in immunocompromised populations.\nCase presentation: A 43-year-old woman with a recurrent fever for more than 8-month and a right forehead\nsurgical wounds unhealed for more than 6-month was admitted to our hospital on February 22, 2018. On arrival,\nseveral elliptic ulcers were obvious on the right forehead with pus and fibrin exudation, and the skin around the\nlesions was tender, reddish, no sense of fluctuation. The result of HIV serology test was negative. CD4+ T cell count\nwas normal and tuberculosis antibody was negative. CT of the chest and head showed bone destruction. Skin\nbiopsy on the right forehead was performed on March 13, 2018, and pathological examination of the excisional\nbiopsy specimen found inflammatory granuloma and suppurative inflammatory changes. Broad-spectrum\nantibiotics were treated but the effect seemed discontent. Then debridement and skin grafting were performed on\nthe right frontal ulcer under general anesthesia on April 3, 2018. The skin tissue culture that resected on March 13,\n2018 found Nontuberculous mycobacteria grown after 78 days, so clarithromycin, ethambutol, protionamide, and\namoxicillin clavulanate potassium were prescribed for anti-nontuberculous mycobacteria treatment beginning on\nMay 31, 2018. In reviewing the case, Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) was identified in the skin tissue resected on\nApril 3, 2018 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the serum test of anti-interferon-Yautoantibodies was\npositive.\nConclusions: This is a case report of â??Mycobacterium avium SSTI (skin and soft tissue infection) and OM\n(osteomyelitis) with possible secondary immunodeficiency syndrome induced by anti-interferon- Y autoantibodyâ?....
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious, fatal skin disease of cattle caused\nby a virus of the family Poxviridae (genus Capripox). In addition, severely affected\nanimals suffer from reduced weight, cessation of milk production and\ninfertility. The aim of this paper is to computationally apply epidemiological\n(SEIR) and optimal control (OC) techniques to study the transmission and\nthe impact of vaccination on LSD. Based on our numerical experiments, we\nwere able to deduce the overall impact of the optimal strategy adopted for this\nstudy on the cattle population for vaccination rates within the range of............
Background. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common chronic skin disease that generates considerable public-health and\nsocioeconomic costs. This disease affects the quality of life and the occupational activity of patients. Aims. To assess the quality\nof life (QOL) of patients with ACD and study the impact of this disease on their work productivity. Methods. This is a crosssectional\nstudy carried out from January 2012 to December 2014. All patients diagnosed with ACD in the Dermato-Allergology\nUnit of the OccupationalMedicine Department at FarhatHachedUniversity Hospital, in Sousse, were included.The impact of skin\ndisease on the QOL of affected persons was assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). The work productivity was\nmeasured using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Allergic Specific questionnaire (WPAI: AS). Results. The study\npopulation consisted of 150 patients. The average score of DLQI was 6.5. Over the previous 7 days, absenteeism rate was................
Background. Xiaotong Tiegao (XTT) is an ancient topical Tibetan medicine plaster which is widely used in China. Irritant contact\ndermatitis (ICD) caused by XTT is very common. It is still unclear why some people aremore prone to develop ICD.Theaimof this\nstudy is to study the baseline skin biophysical parameters and patch test results in individuals predisposing to XTT induced ICD.\nMethods. During a four-month period, 149 healthy volunteers with ICD and 50 volunteers without ICD after applying XTT were\nrecruited. The skin biophysical parameters were measured, and contact allergy to 20 common allergens was patch tested, at two\nweeks after the ICD was recovered. Results.There were no significant differences in age and sex between ICD and control groups. It\nwas found that skin median melanin value (176.50 vs 189.50, P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U-test) and erythema value.......................
Various treatments for the management of facial aging have been performed\namong which noninvasive radio-frequency (RF; i.e. , thermage) treatment and\nminimally invasive treatments are on the rise. The purpose of this study was\nto analyze trends of the treatment of facial aging in Korea and to investigate\nrelationships between the use of noninvasive RF and minimally invasive\ntreatments. A retrospective analysis conducted on data from 4021 patients\nshowed that thermage treatment increased by 134.9% over 5 years. As a person\nages, the rate of facial treatment with both the botulinum toxin (for the\nmasseter and lines of the glabella, lateral canthus, and forehead) and the PDO\nthread lift increases. The use of the treatments, nasolabial fold filler and Silhouette\nSoft Thread, however, was not associated with aging. The patients\nreceiving thermage treatment were less likely to undergo any of the other\ntreatments including PDO thread lift, Silhouette Soft Thread, nasolabial fold\nfiller, or any of the botulinum toxin treatments. Overall, the results showed\nthat patients who had received noninvasive RF tended to receive less minimally\ninvasive treatment....
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