Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
Background. Stroke is themost common cause of long-termdisability in the United States (US). Assisted CyclingTherapy (ACT) at\ncadences of about 80 rpm has been associated with improvements in motor and clinical function in other clinical populations. The\nacute effects of ACT on motor function of persons with stroke have not been investigated. Objectives. The primary purpose of this\ncross-over trial was to compare the effects of ACT, voluntary cycling (VC), and no cycling (NC) on upper (Box and Blocks Test)\nand lower extremity motor function (Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test) in adults with chronic stroke............................
Background: Headache disorder is not only a common complaint but also a global burden. Pharmacotherapeutic\nand non-pharmacotherapeutic approaches have been developed for its treatment and prophylaxis. The present\nstudy included a systematic review of psychological treatments for primary headache disorder accessible in Korea.\nMethods: We included English and Korean articles from EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane library database, SCOPUS,\nScienceDirect, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycArticles and Korean database, KoreaMed and KMBASE which studied\nprimary headache and medication-overuse headache. The primary efficacy measure was the number of headache\ndays per month, while secondary efficacy measures were the number of headache attacks per week, headache\nindex, treatment response rate, and migraine disability assessment. The meta-analysis was performed using R 3.5.1.\nto obtain pooled mean difference and pooled relative risk with 95% confidence interval (CI) for continuous data\nand dichotomous data, respectively.\nResults: From 12,773 identified articles, 27 randomized clinical trials were identified. Primary outcome showed\nsignificant superiority of psychological treatments (pooled mean difference = - 0.70, 95% CI [- 1.22, - 0.18]). For the\nsecondary outcomes, the number of headache attacks (pooled mean difference = - 1.15, 95% CI [- 1.63, - 0.67]), the\nheadache index (pooled mean difference = - 0.92, 95% CI [-1.40 to - 0.44]) and the treatment response rate (pooled\nrelative risk = 3.13, 95% CI [2.24, 4.37]) demonstrated significant improvements in the psychological treatment group\nover the control group.\nConclusion: Psychological treatments for primary headache disorder reduced headache frequency and the headache\nindex. Future research using standardized outcome measures and strategies for reducing bias is needed....
Background: Acupuncture is safe and effective for reducing the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but the\nunderlying mechanisms of acupuncture for treating KOA are not fully understood.\nMethods/design: In total, 108 participants diagnosed with KOA will be recruited. They will be blinded to group\nassignment and randomized to either verum acupuncture, sham acupuncture or waiting-list groups with 36 patients\nin each group. Each patient in the acupuncture group will receive five treatments per week for 2 weeks. This study will\nfocus on detecting the cerebral functional connectivity changes elicited by acupuncture treatment. The Visual Analog\nScale and the short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities\nOsteoarthritis Index, the Attention Test Scale, the Pain Assessment of Sphygmomanometer and the 12-Item\nShort Form Health Survey will be used to evaluate the symptoms and quality of life improvement at the\nbaseline and the end of treatment. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale and the Self-rating Depression Scale will be\nused at the baseline and the end of treatment to investigate the influence of emotional state on brain activity\nand clinical variable. To ensure the consistency of acupuncture manipulation, the deqi scale will be performed after\neach acupuncture treatment. During the procedure of outcome evaluation and data analysis, the evaluators and\nstatisticians will be blinded to the group allocation. The repeated measures analysis of variance (3 groups * 2\ntime points ANOVA) will be employed to analyze numerical variables of the clinical and neuroimaging data\ngenerated in the study, then the t test will be used in the post-hoc analysis.\nDiscussion: The results of this randomized, sham- and waiting-list-controlled functional magnetic resonance\nimaging (fMRI) study will help to investigate the influence of verum acupuncture treatment on the brain activities\nof patients with KOA, which might provide evidence for the clinical application of verum acupuncture for KOA\nmanagement....
Background: In patients with frequent migraine, prophylactic treatments are used. Patients often request nonpharmacological\nalternatives. One treatment option can be aerobic exercise. The value of aerobic exercise as\nprophylactic treatment however needs to be determined.\nMethods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the result of aerobic exercise on the\nnumber of migraine days, duration and pain intensity in patients with migraine. After screening three online\ndatabases, PubMed, Cochrane library and Web of Science, using predefined in- and exclusion criteria, six studies\nwere retained. Pooling of data was performed when possible.\nResults: Significant reductions in the number of migraine days after aerobic exercise treatment were found with a\nmean reduction of..................
Background: Menstrual pain is very common amongst young women. Despite the significant impact that\nmenstrual pain has on academic attendance and performance, social activities and quality of life, most young\nwomen do not seek medical treatment but prefer to use self-care; commonly OTC analgesic medications and rest.\nMany women do not get significant pain relief from these methods, therefore other low cost, easy to learn self-care\nmethods may be a valuable approach to management.\nThis review and meta-analysis examines the evidence for participant lead self-care techniques.\nMethods: A search of Medline, PsychINFO, Google Scholar and CINAHL was carried out in September 2017.\nResults: Twenty-three trials including 2302 women were eligible and included in the meta-analysis. Studies\nexamined self-delivered acupressure, exercise and heat as interventions. Risk of bias was unclear for many domains.\nAll interventions showed a reduction in menstrual pain symptoms; exercise (g = 2.16, 95% CI 0.97 to 3.35) showed\nthe largest effect size, with heat (g = 0.73, 95% CI 0.06 to 1.40) and acupressure (g = 0.56, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.03)\nshowing more moderate effect sizes. Exercise (g = 0.48, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.83) and heat (g = 0.48, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.87),\nwere more effective than analgesics in reducing pain intensity, whereas acupressure was significantly less effective\n(g = - 0.76, 95% CI -1.37 to - 0.15).\nConclusion: Exercise showed large effects, while acupressure and heat showed moderate effects in reducing\nmenstrual pain compared to no treatment. Both exercise and heat are potential alternatives to analgesic\nmedication. However, difficulties in controlling for non-specific effects, along with potential for bias, may influence\nstudy findings....
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