Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 8 Articles
The investigator understood that new born babies experience pain more intense than older children and adults. Inadequately treated pain creates hyper analgesia and has negative impact on pain tolerance in newborns. Therefore, pain intervention must be considered as an important component of newborns. Oral administration of glucose significantly minimizes the pain of neonates. So this quasi experimental study aims to determine the analgesic effects of oral glucose in neonates undergoing venipuncture at neonatal intensive care unit of Sri Ramakrishna Hospital, Coimbatore. Using purposive sampling technique 30 samples were selected and data were collected using demographic performa and standardized neonatal pain assessment scale (SNEAS). Data was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted considering the objectives and hypothesis of the study using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result reveals that the pain score of experimental group (3.3) was significantly lower than that of pain score of control group (6.9). Thus the researcher concluded that oral administration of glucose is effective in reducing the pain of newborns during venipuncture....
Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) is an Enterobacteriaceae microorganism that is widespread in the environment, which may be\nthe source of nosocomial infections, rare in the newborn but severe, and often in the form of outbreaks. The aim of our study is to\nreport our experience, during an outbreak of S. marcescens, to show the severity of this germ, with review of the literature. Our\nstudy was retrospective, including 8 newborns with S. marcescens nosocomial infection, collected in the neonatal intensive care\nunit of Mohammed VI University Medical Hospital, during the epidemic period, over a period of 2 months (July and August\n2016). The mean gestational age of the cases was 36 weeks of amenorrhea. Boys accounted for 75% of the cases. The average weight\nwas 1853 grams. All the patients were initially placed under empiric antibiotic therapy based on ceftriaxone and gentamicin. The\nmean duration of nosocomial infection, diagnosed in all cases by blood cultures, was 7 days. The strains of S. marcescens were in\n75% of the cases sensitive to the cephalosporins, intermediate sensitivity in 12.5% of cases and resistant in 12.5% of cases. The\noutcome was fatal in 62.5% of cases. S. marcescens nosocomial infections are often reported on epidemic series, and their\neradication is not always easy....
Objective.The study was undertaken to determine the etiology, reviewmanagement, and outcome in children diagnosed with acute\npericarditis during 11 years at tertiary pediatric institution. Methods. Retrospective chart review of children diagnosed between\n2004 and 2014. Patients with postsurgical pericardial effusions were excluded. Results.Thirty-two children were identified (median\nage 10yr/11mo). Pericardiocentesis was performed in 24/32 (75%) patients.The most common cause of pericarditis was infection\nin 11/32 (34%), followed by inflammatory disorders in 9 (28%). Purulent pericarditis occurred in 5 children including 4 due to\nStaphylococcus aureus: 2 were methicillin resistant (MRSA). All patients with purulent pericarditis had concomitant infection\nincluding soft tissue, bone, or lung infection; all had pericardial drain placement and 2 required pericardiotomy and mediastinal\nexploration.Other infectionswere due toHistoplasma capsulatum (2),Mycoplasma pneumoniae (2), InfluenzaA(1), and Enterovirus\n(1). Pericarditis/pericardial effusion was the initial presentation in 4 children with systemic lupus erythematosus including one who\npresentedwith tamponade and in 2 children who were diagnosed with systemic onset juvenile inflammatory arthritis. Tumorswere\ndiagnosed in 2 patients. Five children had recurrent pericarditis. Systemic antibiotics were used in 21/32 (66%) and prednisone was\nused in 11/32 (34%) patients. Conclusion. Infections remain an important cause of pericarditis in children. Purulent pericarditis\nis most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus and is associated with significant morbidity, need of surgical intervention,\nand prolonged antibiotic therapy. Echocardiography-guided thoracocentesis remains the preferred diagnostic and therapeutic\napproach.However, pericardiotomy and drainage are needed when appropriate clinical response is not achievedwith percutaneous\ndrainage....
Despite existing policies on training health professionnels in essential newborn\ncare (ENC), neonatal mortality still remains high in Mali. Our work\naimed to assess the level of knowledge of health staff about ENC. Material\nand methods: From March 20th to April 20th, 2016, we interviewed newborn\ncare providers at the six reference health centers and the Gabriel Touré University\nHospital Center in Bamako. Results: In total, we interviewed 407\nnewborn care providers with a sex ratio of 0.52. Interviewees had over five\nyears work experience in 62.1%. They considered a low Apgar score as an indication\nfor neonatal resuscitation in 89%, regardless of profile (p = 0.1583).\nThey knew the good aspiration technique in 54%, with nurses and midwives\nmore knowledgeable (p < 0.001) of the reference health centers (p = 0.0000).\nThe interviewees knew the indication and rate of ventilation in 30.2% and\n16.0%, respectively. About one third (34%) thought oxygen administration\nshould be systematic during ventilation. The knowledge level on ventilation\nwas the lowest in the group of general practitioners (p = 0.0063 for oxygen\nindication and p < 0.001 for the technique). Knowledge level for other ENC\ncomponents (temperature maintenance, eyes care, breastfeeding) were higher.\nThe knowledge of the delay of the breasting did not correlated with either\nthe profile (p = 0.0857) or the place of practice. The knowledge of the first\nbath was dependent on both the professional profile (p = 0.0002) and the reference level (p = 0.0238). Conclusion: The level of knowledge of health professionnels\non ENC should be improved. This will involve the integration of\nENC in initial training curricula along with an appropriate continuing training\npolicy thereafter....
Background: Different primary studies in Ethiopia showed the burden of low birth weight. However, variation\namong those studies was seen. This study was aimed to estimate the national prevalence and associated factors of\nlow birth weight in Ethiopia.\nMethods: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar were searched. A funnel plot and Eggerâ??s\nregression test were used to see publication bias. I-squared statistic was applied to check heterogeneity of studies.\nA weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to estimate the national prevalence and the effect\nsize of associated factors. The subgroup analysis was conducted by region, study design, and year of publication.\nResult: A total of 30 studies with 55,085 participants were used for prevalence estimation. The pooled prevalence\nof LBW was 17.3% (95% CI: 14.1â??20.4). Maternal age < 20 years (AOR = 1.7; 95% CI:1.5â??2.0), pregnancy interval < 24\nmonths (AOR = 2.8; 95%CI: 1.4â??4.2), BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 (AOR = 5.6; 95% CI: 1.7â??9.4), and gestational age < 37 weeks at\nbirth (AOR = 6.4; 95% CI: 2.5â??10.3) were identified factors of LBW.\nConclusions: The prevalence of low birth weight in Ethiopia remains high. This review may help policy-makers and\nprogram officers to design low birth weight preventive interventions....
Since fluid and nutrition needs and delivery in ELBWinfants are calculated based on their bodyweights, there could be ameasurable\ndifference in fluid, nutrition, and protein intake calculations based on birth weight (BW) or current weight of the infant, especially\nin the first two weeks of life. Theoretically, the use of current daily weight (CW) for calculations may result in decreased fluid,\nnutrition, and protein delivery as well as a cumulative protein deficit (cPD) over the first two weeks of life until the infant regains\nbirth weight. However, there have been no clinical studies comparing the clinical and nutritional impact of these two strategies\nis unknown. Aims. The aims of this study were to quantify the amount of protein intake and to compare growth parameters at\nhospital discharge (as measured by discharge weight and head circumference percentiles) when using two differentmethodologies\n(BWvesrsus current daily weight until BWis regained) for calculating fluid and protein intake in the first two weeks after birth in\nELBW infants. ������.....
Background: Vaccination is still one of the most important methods to control and prevent childhood infections\nincluding diphtheria and pertussis. This study evaluated the level of diphtheria (DT) and pertussis (PT)-related\nantibodies among children with pneumonia in Jiâ??nan, China.\nMethods: A total of 484 sera of children from 1 day to 13 years of age were collected from 2014 to 2015 in Jiâ??nan.\nChildren with recent history of pertussis were excluded from this study. Anti-DT and PT IgG concentrations were\nmeasured by ELISA (Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany)....
Background: Viral pneumonia is the main type of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. YKL-40, a\nchitinase-like protein, is regarded as a biomarker of the degree of inflammation.\nMethods: Children who were diagnosed with CAP, including viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, and dual\ninfection, were included in the cohort study. The pathogenic diagnosis depended on PCR and immunoassay test.\nYKL-40 levels were examined twice by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).\nResults: Serum YKL-40 levels were higher in patients with pneumonia than in healthy controls. The admission\nlevels of YKL-40 in serum and Bronchoalveolar lavage (BALFs) indicated a positive correlation with the serum levels\nof C-reactive protein and other inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF�������....
Loading....