Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 6 Articles
Nursing process is a framework used to provide an effective, coordinated, and organized quality care for patients. Effective\nimplementation of this framework leads to improved quality of care and decreases potential complication, hospital length of stay,\nand the cost of care. To assess implementation of nursing process and its hindering factors, a quantitative cross-sectional study\nwas conducted among nurses in Afar region hospitals from October 2016 to December 2016. The data were collected from 102\nnurses using primary Brookingâ??s ward nursesâ?? self-report questionnaire and with some newly prepared questions. The collected\ndata were entered using Epi-Data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 20 and then presented by tables, graphs, and figures.\nForty-three (42.1%) nurseswere implementing nursing process at the time of data collection.Assessment and diagnosiswere carried\nout by 57 (56.9%) nurses, planning by 46% of nurses, implementation by 38.2% of nurses, and evaluation by 36.2% of nurses in Afar\nregion.Among the hindering factors towards nursing process implementation, lack of preparedness or knowledge about the nursing\nprocess or some part of it (83.3%) and absence of in-service training pertinent to nursing process (75.5%) were the most mentioned\nones. Generally, nursing process was poorly implemented in Afar regionmainly due to lack of knowledge and absence of in service\ntraining. Therefore, giving emphasis for cognitive parts of students about nursing process during their school time and refreshing\nnurse staffs with continuous training will definitively improve level of nursing process implementation....
Background: Studies on the association between obesity and all-cause mortality\nhave found that the degree of obesity is directly proportional to\nall-cause mortality. In contrast, there have been studies indicating that obese\npeople with underlying diseases have a higher survival rate. We hypothesized\nthat age and underlying diseases lead to such contrasting results. Therefore,\nwe conducted a study to clarify the influence of post-middle age obesity and\nunderlying diseases on all-cause mortality. Methods: This study used data\nfrom longitudinal studies in the United States, which conducted follow-up for\n19 years on 33,708 participants in different age groups ........ and .... years. Hazard ratio (HR) was determined using the Cox proportional hazards\nmodel to analyze a group consisting of all participants, a group of those with\nunderlying diseases, and a group of those without underlying diseases, considering\nage, gender, education history, marital status, household income,\nsmoking history, and BMI category as covariates. Results: In the group aged .... without underlying diseases, HR was almost 1 in those with BMI ..... and ..... Further, HR was higher in the 45 - 64 age\ngroup without underlying diseases if BMI was .... However, HR was\napproximately 1 in the .... age group. Conclusions: The study revealed that\namong individuals aged ... years without underlying diseases, there was no\nassociation between obesity and all-cause mortality. Among individuals without\nunderlying diseases, HR was higher in the 45 - 64 age group with BMI .... but was approximately 1 among those aged... years. Therefore, an\ninteraction based on age was detected. These findings may lead to recommendations\nregarding the need to modify the advice and education provided\nto obese individuals in different age groups....
Background and Purpose: Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus type two (DMII)\nhave a known association. Yet, the socio-demographic predictors of obesity in\nspecial populations such as people who have DMII remain unclear. The purpose\nof this study was to determine the socio-demographic predictors of obesity\namong adults who have DMII. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive\ncross-sectional study targeting 488 adult clients who had the diagnosis\nof DMII. The participants were asked to complete a survey covering\ndemographic and clinical variables of age, gender, employment, income,\neducation, weight, height, medical insurance, duration of diabetes and type of\ntreatment taken to control diabetes. Besides, Body Mass Index (BMI), the dependent\nvariable, was calculated. Descriptive statistics were used to present\nclientsâ?? socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Univariate Binary logistic\nregression was used to determine the socio-demographic predictors of\nobesity. Results: Results showed that age, household income and employment\nwere independent predictors of BMI in adults who have DMII. Gender\nand level of education were not significant predictors of higher BMI. Conclusion:\nThose results suggest that understanding of the contributing variables\nof obesity in adults who have DMII can help identify the at-risk groups allowing\nfor early diagnosis and establishment of effective prevention and\nmanagement plans....
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mental disorder characterized\nby a pervasive and persistent low mood which is accompanied by low\nself-esteem and loss of interest or pleasure in day to day activities that adversely\naffects a personâ??s family, work, and personal life. There is no sufficient\nlaboratory test for the diagnosis of MDD and it is expected that this investigation\nmay be helpful for better diagnosis and management of MDD. We aimed\nto measure serum immunoglobulin levels in MDD patients and control subjects\nto meet the above demand. Methods: For this purpose, we recruited 88\nMDD patients from the department of psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib\nMedical University, Dhaka and 89 healthy volunteers from Dhaka city matched\nwith age, sex and socioeconomic status to the patient group. Turbidimetry method\nwas applied to measure serum levels of immunoglobulin A, G, and M\nwhere immunoglobulin kit was utilized. Results: The current study revealed\nthat mean serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A, G, and M in patients\nwere found to be 209.07 ± 104.93, 791.50 ± 235.67 and 107.92 ± 47.53 mg/dL\nwhile those were 195.34 ± 92.16, 763.81 ± 175.89 and 99.17 ± 48.78 mg/dL in\ncontrol subjects, respectively. Conclusion: Our result indicates that serum\nconcentrations of immunoglobulin A, G and M were not significant between\nthe groups and further studies are required to establish these findings....
Pain in people with dementia (PWD) is underassessed and undertreated. Treatment of pain in people with dementia goes awry\nbecause of poor assessment, poor treatment, and factors related to nursing decision-making skills. Several theoretical models\naddressed the role of nursesâ?? critical thinking and decision-making skills in pain treatment, like the cognitive continuum theory\n(CCT) and the adaptive painmanagement (APT). Only the Response to Certainty of Pain (RCP)model was the first model to posit\nrelationships between nurses' uncertainty, pain assessment, and patient outcomes. Gilmore-Bykovskyi and Bowers developed the\nRCP, which incorporates the concept of uncertainty and how it relates to the problem of unrelieved pain in PWD.The RCP model\nhas the potential to provide good understanding of the problem of unrelieved pain in people with dementia. It also could help to\ndevelop a research study that brings comfort to an often neglected and vulnerable population....
Background: To improve negative birth experiences among women who experience\nintense labor pain during labor, it is important to examine the relationship\nbetween fear of childbirth immediately after vaginal delivery and the\nactual intensity of labor pain. However, previous studies have generally evaluated\nlabor pain in a retrospective setting. Purpose: This study examined the\nrelationship between fear of childbirth immediately after vaginal delivery and\nthe actual labor pain intensity and accumulated labor pain intensity without\npharmacological pain relief during labor in Japan. Methods: A prospective\nobservational study was conducted between July 2015 and April 2016. Forty-\nseven pregnant Japanese women were available for analysis. Fear of childbirth\nwas measured by the Japanese version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/\nExperience Questionnaire (JW-DEQ) version B on the third day after vaginal\ndelivery. Participants with scores of 85 or higher were categorized in the\nhigh JW-DEQ group, having severe fear of childbirth. Labor pain intensity\nwas examined chronologically in real time with stepwise usage of two types of\nNumeric Rating Scale (NRS). Accumulated labor pain intensity was calculated\nusing the area under the curve (AUC). Results: Nine participants were\nin the high JW-DEQ group and eight of the nine were primiparae. Primiparae\nin the high JW-DEQ group experienced significantly longer duration and larger\naccumulated labor pain intensity between the onset of labor and 4 to 6 cm of\ncervical dilatation than those in the low JW-DEQ group (P = 0.024 and P =\n0.021, respectively). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: The latent\nphase of labor was a key stage to improve fear of childbirth immediately after\nvaginal delivery without pharmacological pain relief among Japanese primiparae.\nMidwives should give assistance in the latent phase of labor by focusing\non progressing labor smoothly and relieving labor pain to improve negative\nbirth experiences....
Loading....