Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
Background. In Ethiopia, prenatal anemia is a major public health concern affecting both the health of the woman and babies.The\nWorld Health Organization recommends to conduct repeated prevalence studies concerning prenatal anemia . However, there is\nno recent evidence on the magnitude of the prenatal anemia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and\nthe associated factors of prenatal anemia among women attending the Antenatal Care Clinic at the University of Gondar Referral\nHospital. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among 362 participants from June 03-July\n08, 2017, at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. The systematic random sampling\ntechnique was employed. Structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)\nscreeningwas conducted.Nutritional status of the participants was assessed. Blood sample was collected by capillary tube . Intestinal\nparasite was examined by stool wet mount test. HIV serostatus was detected. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin concentration\nbelow 11 g/dl. The multivariable logistic regression model was employed to identify associated factors and to control the possible\neffects of confounders. Result.Theprevalence of anemia was 22.2% (95% CI: 18.11, 27.1%).The highest odds of anemia were observed\namong pregnant women with family size of >five [AOR = 3 (95% CI: 1.03, 8.65)], unprotectedwater source users, [AOR= 4.09 (95%\nCI: 1.75, 9.55)], HIV infected [AOR = 2.94(95% CI: 1.37, 6.35)], andmultigravida women [AOR = 3.5 (95% CI: 1.35, 9.17)]. Conclusion\nand Recommendations. The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending the University of Gondar Referral Hospital\nwas a moderate public health problem. Unprotected water source, large family size,Human ImmunodeficiencyVirus infection, and\nrepeated pregnancies were factors that predicted anemia.Thus, prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection, family\nplanning utilization, and accessing pure water are recommended....
Introduction: Among persons living with type 1-diabetes hypoglycemia and\nfear of hypoglycemia remain limiting barriers for achieving optimal glucose\ncontrol and a good quality of life. Fear of hypoglycemia has been found stable\nover time if not treated. Uncooked cornstarch has been found to reduce the\nrisk of hypoglycemia but has not been studied in relation to fear of hypoglycemia.\nThe aims of this study were to through clinical data, self-reported\nmeasures and clinical interviews explore subjectsâ?? experience of using uncooked\ncornstarch before bedtime and their beliefs and experiences of fear of\nhypoglycemia. Methods: Mixed methods with both quantitative and qualitative\ndata were used. Self-reported measures of hypoglycemia and fear of hypoglycemia\nwere compared to subjectsâ?? responses during a clinical interview.\nThe interviews were analyzed with a functional behavior analytical approach.\nResults: A total of five subjects took part in the study. One subject perceived\nthe uncooked cornstarch helpful in reducing hypoglycemia. Several subjects\ncould recall frightening hypoglycemic episodes triggering their fear. Three\nout of the five subjects reported avoidance behaviors such as excessive\nself-monitoring of blood glucose or overeating related to fear of hypoglycemia.\nConclusions: The uncooked cornstarch was found appetizing but was\nnot perceived as having an effect on BG or hypoglycemia frequency. The\nclinical interviews confirmed previous research regarding experience of hypoglycemia\nand fear of hypoglycemia....
Background: Studies evaluating the end-of-life care for longer periods of illness trajectories\nand in several care places are currently lacking. This study explored bereaved family membersâ??\nsatisfaction with care during the last three months of life for people with advanced illness,\nand associations between satisfaction with care and characteristics of the deceased individuals\nand their family members. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used. The sample was\n485 family members of individuals who died at four different hospitals in Sweden. Results: Of the\nparticipants, 78.7% rated the overall care as high. For hospice care, 87.1% reported being satisfied,\n87% with the hospital care, 72.3% with district/county nurses, 65.4% with nursing homes, 62.1% with\nspecialized home care, and 59.6% with general practitioners (GPs). Family members of deceased\npersons with cancer were more likely to have a higher satisfaction with the care. A lower satisfaction\nwas more likely if the deceased person had a higher educational attainment and a length of illness\nbefore death of one year or longer. Conclusion: The type of care, diagnoses, length of illness,\neducational attainment, and the relationship between the deceased person and the family member\ninfluences the satisfaction with care....
Background: The non-medical use of opioids has reached epidemic levels nationwide, and rural areas have been\nparticularly affected by increasing rates of overdose mortality as well as increases in the prison population. Individuals\nwith opioid use disorder (OUD) are at increased risk for relapse and overdose upon reentry to the community due to\ndecreased tolerance during incarceration. It is crucial to identify barriers to substance use disorder treatment postrelease\nfrom prison because treatment can be particularly difficult to access in resource-limited rural Appalachia.\nMethods: A social ecological framework was utilized to examine barriers to community-based substance use treatment\namong individuals with OUD in Appalachian Kentucky following release from prison. Semi-structured qualitative\ninterviews with 15 social service clinicians (SSCs) employed by the Department of Corrections were conducted to\nidentify barriers at the individual, interpersonal, organizational/institutional level, community, and systems levels. Two\nindependent coders conducted line-by-line coding to identify key themes.\nResults: Treatment barriers were identified across the social ecological spectrum. At the individual-level, SSCs\nhighlighted high-risk drug use and a lack of motivation. At the interpersonal level, homogenous social networks (i.e.,\nhomophilious drug-using networks) and networks with limited treatment knowledge inhibited treatment. SSCâ??s high\ncase load and probation/parole officerâ??s limited understanding of treatment were organizational/institutional barriers.\nEasy access to opioids, few treatment resources, and a lack of community support for treatment were barriers at the\ncommunity level. SSCâ??s noted system-level barriers such as lack of transportation options, cost, and uncertainty about\nthe implementation of the Affordable Care Act.\nConclusions: More rural infrastructure resources as well as additional education for family networks, corrections staff,\nand the community at large in Appalachia are needed to address barriers to OUD treatment. Future research should\nexamine barriers from the perspective of other key stakeholders (e.g., clients, families of clients) and test interventions\nto increase access to OUD treatment....
The School-Based Health Centre (SBHC) model of healthcare delivery in community health\nis designed to address the unique needs of adolescents. Through a collaborative interprofessional\napproach, they aim to provide comprehensive care with the goal of reducing health disparities in\nunderserved, at-risk adolescents. Integration of sports medicine health professionals is a novel\napproach to increasing available services, as well as patient utilization, while addressing multiple\npublic health issues, including lack of athletic training services for youth athletes....
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