Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2012 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 9 Articles
This study aimed to systematically review the literature with regards to studies of rehabilitation programmes that\r\nhave tried to improve function after total hip replacement (THR) surgery. 15 randomised controlled trials were\r\nidentified of which 11 were centre-based, 2 were home based and 2 were trials comparing home and centre\r\nbased interventions. The use of a progressive resistance training (PRT) programme led to significant improvement\r\nin muscle strength and function if the intervention was carried out early (< 1 month following surgery) in a centre\r\n(6/11 centre-based studies used PRT), or late (> 1 month following surgery) in a home based setting (2/2 home\r\nbased studies used PRT). In direct comparison, there was no difference in functional measures between home and\r\ncentre based programmes (2 studies), with PRT not included in the regimes prescribed. A limitation of the majority\r\nof these intervention studies was the short period of follow up. Centre based program delivery is expensive as\r\nhigh costs are associated with supervision, facility provision, and transport of patients. Early interventions are\r\nimportant to counteract the deficit in muscle strength in the affected limb, as well as persistent atrophy that exists\r\naround the affected hip at 2 years post-operatively. Studies of early home-based regimes featuring PRT with long\r\nterm follow up are needed to address the problems currently associated with rehabilitation following THR....
There is no report of athroscopic treatment for septic arthritis of the ankle in infants. We report a case of successful\r\nmanagement of septic arthritis of the ankle in a three-month-old boy by arthroscopic washout. Arthroscopic\r\nwashout may be a useful treatment for septic arthritis in young infants when performed early after onset....
Background: We herein describe a surgical technique for the repair of complete tear of the pectoralis major (PM)\r\ntendon using endobuttons to strengthen initial fixation.\r\nMethods: Five male patients (3 judo players, 1 martial arts player, and 1 body builder) were treated within 2 weeks\r\nof sustaining complete tear of the PM tendon. Average age at surgery and follow-up period were 28.4 years\r\n(range, 23-33) and 28.8 months (range, 24-36). A rectangular bone trough (about 1 Ã?â?? 4 cm) was created on the\r\nhumerus at the insertion of the distal PM tendon. The tendon stump was introduced into this trough, and fixed to\r\nthe reverse side of the humeral cortex using endobuttons and non-absorbable suture. Clinical assessment of re-tear\r\nwas examined by MRI. Shoulder range of motion (ROM), outcome of treatment, and isometric power were\r\nmeasured at final follow-up.\r\nResults: There were no clinical re-tears, and MRI findings also showed continuity of the PM tendon in all cases at\r\nfinal follow-up. Average ROM did not differ significantly between the affected and unaffected shoulders. The\r\nclinical outcomes at final follow-up were excellent (4/5 cases) or good (1/5). In addition, postoperative isometric\r\npower in horizontal flexion of the affected shoulder showed complete recovery when compared with the\r\nunaffected side.\r\nConclusions: Satisfactory outcomes could be obtained when surgery using the endobutton technique was\r\nperformed within 2 weeks after complete tear of the PM tendon. Therefore, our new technique appears promising\r\nas a useful method to treat complete tear of the PM tendon....
Background: Increased tendon production of the inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been\r\nsuggested to be a potential etiologic agent in the development of tendinopathy. Repeated injection of PGE2 into\r\ntendon has been proposed as a potential animal model for studying treatments for tendinopathy. In contrast,\r\nnonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which inhibit PGE2 production and are commonly prescribed in\r\ntreating tendinopathy have been shown to impair the healing of tendon after acute injury in animal models. The\r\ncontradictory literature suggests the need to better define the functional effects of PGE2 on tendon. Our objective\r\nwas to characterize the effects of PGE2 injection on the biomechanical and biochemical properties of tendon and\r\nthe activity of the animals. Our hypothesis was that weekly PGE2 injection to the rat patellar tendon would lead to\r\ninferior biomechanical properties.\r\nMethods: Forty rats were divided equally into four groups. Three groups were followed for 4 weeks with the\r\nfollowing peritendinous injection procedures: No injection (control), 4 weekly injections of saline (saline), 4 weekly\r\ninjections of 800 ng PGE2 (PGE2-4 wks). The fourth group received 4 weekly injections of 800 ng PGE2 initially and\r\nwas followed for a total of 8 weeks. All animals were injected bilaterally. The main outcome measurements\r\nincluded: the structural and material properties of the patellar tendon under tensile loading to failure, tendon\r\ncollagen content, and weekly animal activity scores.\r\nResults: The ultimate load of PGE2-4 wks tendons at 4 weeks was significantly greater than control or saline group\r\ntendons. The stiffness and elastic modulus of the PGE2 injected tendons at 8 weeks was significantly greater than\r\nthe control or saline tendons. No differences in animal activity, collagen content, or mean fibril diameter were\r\nobserved between groups.\r\nConclusions: Four weekly peritendinous injections of PGE2 to the rat patellar tendon were not found to be an\r\neffective model of clinical tendinopathy. In contrast, improved structural and material properties of the patellar\r\ntendon were found after PGE2 injection. While PGE2 has been thought to have a contributory role in the\r\ndevelopment of tendinopathy and anti-inflammatory medications remain a common treatment, our results suggest\r\na positive role of PGE2 in tendon remodeling in some circumstances....
Biomechanics investigation on soccer kicking has a relatively long history, yet the body of knowledge is still small.\r\nThis paper reviews articles published from 1960s to 2011, summarizing relevant findings, research trends and\r\nmethod development. It also discusses challenges faced by the field. The main aim of the paper is to promote\r\nsoccer kicking studies through discussions on problem solving in the past, method development in the present,\r\nand possible research directions for the future....
A young female athlete suffered from the residual instability of the knee after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)\r\nreconstruction with hamstring autograft. The 3-dimensional (3-D) CT scan showed the ââ?¬Å?high noonââ?¬Â positioning of\r\nthe primary femoral bone tunnel. The revision surgery with anatomic double-bundle technique was performed two\r\nyears after the primary surgery and the femoral tunnels were created with the assistance of the 3-D fluoroscopybased\r\nnavigation. An arthroscopic examination confirmed the ACL graft impingement against posterior cruciate\r\nligament (PCL) when the knee was deeply flexed. The histological analysis of the resected primary ACL graft\r\nshowed local inflammatory infiltration, enhanced synovial coverage and vascularization at the impinged site. The\r\nenhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at the impinged area when compared with nonimpinged\r\narea was observed on immunohistochemical analysis. Abnormal mechanical stress by the impingement\r\nagainst PCL might have induced chronic inflammation and VEGF overexpression....
Recent focus has been on combat sports and one of which is taekwondo. Whilst the literature reports on several researches done among taekwondo athletes, nothing has been done to make practical comparisons of anthropometric and physiologic measures. This paper reports on research, which had the objectives of:\r\n 1. Establishing both an anthropometric and physiologic profile of elite Filipino taekwondo athletes and\r\n 2. Comparing the elite Filipino athletes� anthropometric and physiologic characteristics with published information on other elite athletes and provides useful information regarding components needed to be improved to enhance athletic performance.\r\n Anthropometric and physiologic testing procedures were conducted to elite Filipino taekwondo athletes. A total of twenty Filipino athletes were assessed in this study. The results of these tests were compared with the data obtained from the identified international studies through a systematic search of the literature process. Outcomes available for comparison were extracted from each study. Five studies were obtained for comparison. The Filipino athletes were similar to other international elite athletes in most anthropometric measures. In the physiologic tests, it is worthy to note that the Filipino athletes, both male and female, had significantly better leg power test scores compared with their international counterparts; however, the female Filipino athletes scored less in flexibility and one minute sit up tests. The findings presented in this paper should be considered so that a greater scientific approach can be taken when designing athlete-specific, as well as team-specific training programs. Training programs that address the current physiological shortfalls should lead to improvements in national and international competition....
Background: The Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) is one of the most widely used instruments to\r\nassess pain. The aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the questionnaire for Farsi (the official\r\nlanguage of Iran) speakers in order to test its reliability and sensitivity.\r\nMethods: We followed Guillemin�s guidelines for cross-cultural adaption of health-related measures, which include\r\nforward-backward translations, expert committee meetings, and face validity testing in a pilot group. Subsequently,\r\nthe questionnaire was administered to a sample of 100 diverse chronic pain patients attending a tertiary pain and\r\nrehabilitation clinic. In order to evaluate test-retest reliability, patients completed the questionnaire in the morning\r\nand early evening of their first visit. Finally, patients were asked to complete the questionnaire for the third time\r\nafter completing a standardized treatment protocol three weeks later. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was\r\nused to evaluate reliability. We used principle component analysis to assess construct validity.\r\nResults: Ninety-two subjects completed the questionnaire both in the morning and in the evening of the first visit\r\n(test-retest reliability), and after three weeks (sensitivity to change). Eight patients who did not finish treatment\r\nprotocol were excluded from the study. Internal consistency was found by Cronbach�s alpha to be 0.951, 0.832 and\r\n0.840 for sensory, affective and total scores respectively. ICC resulted in 0.906 for sensory, 0.712 for affective and\r\n0.912 for total pain score. Item to subscale score correlations supported the convergent validity of each item to its\r\nhypothesized subscale. Correlations were observed to range from r2 = 0.202 to r2 = 0.739. Sensitivity or\r\nresponsiveness was evaluated by pair t-test, which exhibited a significant difference between pre- and posttreatment\r\nscores (p < 0.001).\r\nConclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Iranian version of the SF-MPQ is a reliable questionnaire and\r\nresponsive to changes in the subscale and total pain scores in Persian chronic pain patients over time....
Background: Knowledge of normal muscle characteristics is crucial in planning rehabilitation programmes for\r\ninjured athletes. There is a high incidence of ankle and anterior tibial symptoms in football players, however little is\r\nknown about the effect of limb dominance on the anterior tibial muscle group (ATMG). The purpose of this study\r\nwas to assess the effect of limb dominance and sports-specific activity on ATMG thickness in Gaelic footballers and\r\nnon-football playing controls using ultrasound measurements, and to compare results from transverse and\r\nlongitudinal scans.\r\nMethods: Bilateral ultrasound scans were taken to assess the ATMG size in 10 Gaelic footballers and 10 sedentary\r\ncontrols (age range 18-25 yrs), using a previously published protocol. Both transverse and longitudinal images were\r\ntaken. Muscle thickness measurements were carried out blind to group and side of dominance, using the Image-J\r\nprogramme.\r\nResults: Muscle thickness on the dominant leg was significantly greater than the non-dominant leg in the\r\nfootballers with a mean difference of 7.3%, while there was no significant dominance effect in the controls (p <\r\n0.05). There was no significant difference between the measurements from transverse or longitudinal scans.\r\nConclusions: A significant dominance effect exists in ATMG size in this group of Gaelic footballers, likely\r\nattributable to the kicking action involved in the sport. This should be taken into account when rehabilitating\r\nfootballers with anterior tibial pathology. Ultrasound is a reliable tool to measure ATMG thickness, and\r\nmeasurement may be taken in transverse or longitudinal section....
Loading....