Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 5 Articles
Proton therapy (PT) is a treatment with high dose conformality that delivers a highly-focused\nradiation dose to solid tumors. Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT), on the other hand, is a systemic\nradiation therapy, which makes use of intravenously-applied radioconjugates. In this project, it was\naimed to perform an initial dose-searching study for the combination of these treatment modalities\nin a preclinical setting. Therapy studies were performed with xenograft mouse models of folate\nreceptor (FR)-positive KB and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive PC-3 PIP tumors,\nrespectively. PT and TRT using 177Lu-folate and 177Lu-PSMA-617, respectively, were applied either\nas single treatments or in combination. Monitoring of the mice over nine weeks revealed a similar\ntumor growth delay after PT and TRT, respectively, when equal tumor doses were delivered either\nby protons or by Beta--particles, respectively. Combining the methodologies to provide half-dose by\neither therapy approach resulted in equal (PC-3 PIP tumor model) or even slightly better therapy\noutcomes (KB tumor model). In separate experiments, preclinical positron emission tomography\n(PET) was performed to investigate tissue activation after proton irradiation of the tumor. The\nhigh-precision radiation delivery of PT was confirmed by the resulting PET images that accurately\nvisualized the irradiated tumor tissue. In this study, the combination of PT and TRT resulted in an\nadditive effect or a trend of synergistic effects, depending on the type of tumor xenograft. This study\nlaid the foundation for future research regarding therapy options in the situation of metastasized\nsolid tumors, where surgery or PT alone are not a solution but may profit from combination with\nsystemic radiation therapy....
Postnatal nutrition is essential for growth and neurodevelopment. We analyzed the influence of\na new enriched-infant formula with bioactive compounds on growth, neurodevelopment, and visual\nfunction (VF) in healthy infants during their first 18 months of life. A total of 170 infants were randomized\nin the COGNIS randomized clinical trial (RCT) to receive a standard infant formula (SF = 85) or a new\nexperimental infant formula supplemented with functional nutrients (EF = 85). As a control, 50 breastfed\ninfants (BF) were enrolled. Growth patterns were evaluated up to 18 months of life; neurodevelopment\nwas assessed by general movements at 2, 3, and 4 months; VF was measured by cortical visual evoked\npotentials at 3 and 12 months. No differences in growth and neurodevelopment were found between\ngroups. Regarding VF, SF and EF infants presented prolonged latencies and lower amplitudes in the P100\nwave than BF infants. In the EF group, a higher percentage of infants presented response at 7½'of arc at 12\nmonths compared to 3 months of age; a similar proportion of BF and EF infants presented responses at\n7½'of arc at 12 months of age. Early nutritional intervention with bioactive compounds could narrow the\ngap in growth and neurodevelopment between breastfed and formula-fed infants....
Some coauthors of this study previously performed the AMATERASU randomized,\ndouble-blind, placebo-controlled trial of postoperative oral vitamin D supplementation (2000 IU/day)\nin 417 patients with stage I to III digestive tract cancer fromthe esophagus to the rectum who underwent\ncurative surgery (UMIN000001977). We conducted a post-hoc analysis of the AMATERASU trial to\nexplore the effects of modification of vitaminDsupplementation by histopathological characteristics on\nsurvival. Among patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, the 5-year relapse-free survival\nrate of patients supplemented with vitamin D was 91% compared with 63% in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08 to 0.78; P = 0.017; P for interacti\nSimilarly, the 5-year overall survival rate was 92% in the vitamin D group compared with 72% in the placebo group (HR, 0.25; 95%CI, 0.07 to 0.94; P = 0.040; P for interacti In contrast,\nthere were no significant effects in other histopathological characteristics between vitamin D and\nplacebo groups. These findings generated the hypothesis that oral vitamin D supplementation\nmay improve both relapse-free survival and overall survival in a subgroup of patients with poorly\ndifferentiated adenocarcinoma....
Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is a water-soluble dietary fiber and is used in\nsolid and liquid food to regulate gut function. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of\nPHGG on bowel movements (stool form and frequency), plasma bile acids, quality of life, and gut\nmicrobiota of healthy volunteers with a tendency toward diarrhea, i.e., irritable bowel syndrome\ndiarrhea (IBS-D)-like symptoms. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and parallel trial\nwas performed on 44 healthy volunteers�������....
Background: Deep dry needling (DDN) and ischemic compression technic (ICT) may be\nconsidered as interventions used for the treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) in latent\nmyofascial trigger points (MTrPs). The immediate effectiveness of both DDN and ICT on pressure\npain threshold (PPT) and skin temperature of the latent MTrPs of the triceps surae has not yet\nbeen determined, especially in athletes due to their treatment requirements during training and\ncompetition. Objective: To compare the immediate efficacy between DDN and ICT in the latent\nMTrPs of triathletes considering PPT and thermography measurements. Method: A total sample of\n34 triathletes was divided into two groups: DDN and ICT. The triathletes only received a treatment\nsession of DDN (n =17) or ICT (n = 17). PPT and skin temperature of the selected latent MTrPs\nwere assessed before and after treatment. Results: Statistically significant differences between both\ngroups were shown after treatment, showing a PPT reduction (p < 0.05) in the DDN group, while PPT\nvalues were maintained in the ICT group. There were not statistically significant differences (p > 0.05)\nfor thermographic values before and treatment for both interventions. Conclusions: Findings of\nthis study suggested that ICT could be more advisable than DDN regarding latent MTrPs local\nmechanosensitivity immediately after treatment due to the requirements of training and competition\nin athletesâ?? population. Nevertheless, further studies comparing both interventions in the long term\nshould be carried out in this specific population due to the possible influence of delayed onset muscle\nsoreness and muscle damage on PPT and thermography values secondary to the high level of training\nand competition....
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