Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 6 Articles
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, the cisplatin-induced acute\nkidney injury remains a disturbing complication, which still lacks effective prevention. Cisplatin-induced oxidative damage and\nmitochondrial dysfunction are anticipated to be crucial in the occurrence of kidney injury. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has\nbeen reported to possess multiple biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondria protection. In\nthis study, we investigated the potentially protective effect of APS against cisplatin-induced kidney injury both in vivo and in vitro.\nWe found that APS pretreatment attenuated the cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction and histopathological damage in mice; in\naddition, it also protected the viability of HK-2 cells upon cisplatin exposure. APS attenuated the cisplatin-induced oxidative\ndamage by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and recovering the activities of total superoxide dismutase and\nglutathione peroxidase in mice kidney. In addition, electron microscope analysis indicated that cisplatin induced extensive\nmitochondrial vacuolization in mice kidney. However, APS administration reversed these mitochondrial morphology changes. In\nHK-2 cells, APS reduced the cisplatin-induced mitochondrial and intracellular ROS generation. Furthermore, APS protected the\nnormal morphology of mitochondria, blocked the cisplatin-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, and\nreduced the cytochrome c leakage. Subsequently, APS reduced the cisplatin-induced apoptosis in mice renal and HK-2 cells. In\nconclusion, our data suggested that APS pretreatment might prevent cisplatin-induced kidney injury through attenuating\noxidative damage, protecting mitochondria, and ameliorating mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis....
Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, as major compounds of olive leaves, have been reported to exert numerous pharmacological\nproperties, including anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and\ncompare the protective effect of oleuropein- and hydroxytyrosol-rich extracts, derived from olive leaves, on high-fat diet-induced\nlipid metabolism disturbance and liver injury in rats. In this respect, four groups of male rats (8 per group) were used: control\ngroup (Control), group treated with high-fat diet (HFD), group treated with HFD and oleuropein (HFD + OLE), and group\ntreated with HFD and hydroxytyrosol (HFD + HYD). ............................
Essential oils were extracted from the culm and leaf of Cymbopogon citratus collected from different regions of Vietnam and\nanalyzed using GC/MS. The results showed that citral is the major component accounting for 61.20%-76.46% of the essential oils.\nThe citral content was higher in the essential oil obtained from the leaf than in that from the culm of lemongrass in all regions. ...................
This research investigated the hepatoprotective activity role of polyherbal formulation in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxic male albino rats, including assessement of acute toxicity evaluation. Divided into five classes (n=6) were albino rats (200-250g). The paracetamol (PCM) was diluted with saline (vehicle) before oral administration (o.p). Antioxidant enzyme activities, for example lipid peroxidants, reduced testing of glutathione and liver function was evaluated. Polyherbal formulation was administered orally at dose upto 5000 mg/kg body weight acute toxicity assessment. In acute toxicity study, no mortality reported in polyherbal formulation (PHF). Paracetamol was used as toxic agent in present study and the protective effect of Polyherbal formulation against the PCM-induced hepatotoxicity was studied. The extent of toxicity was estimated by histopathological tests and biochemical enzyme markers such as ALT, AST, ALP and SB have measured the level of toxicity and the findings have been contrasted with standard drug silymarin. The present study reports possible hepatoprotective activity of polyherbal formulation (PHF) against hepatic injury produced by paracetamol in albino rats. Polyherbal formulated flavonoids (PHF) may be responsible for the pronounced hepatoprotective effects found in this report....
Diabetic nephropathy is a long-term complication of diabetic mellitus. Many experimental evidences suggest that persistent hyperglycemia generates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is involved of free radicals in the pathogenesis of diabetes and more importantly in the development of diabetic complications. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity and protective effect of diabetic-induced nephropathy of Clitoria ternatea L. leaves (CTL) on streptozotocin (STZ) generated oxidative stress induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. Forty Wistar rats were indiscriminately distributed into normal control, diabetic untreated and diabetic treated with CTL (250 and 500 mg/kg per body weight). Experimental diabetic nephropathy was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p) administration of STZ 60 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). The body weight, plasma glucose, creatinine, urea, uric acid and total protein along with oxidative stress parameters were examined in different groups of experimental animals. Histopathological examination was also performed for observing cellular changes on kidney tissues. Elevated level of blood sugar and urea whereas lower uric acid, creatinine and total protein were detected in the STZ-diabetic rats, which were significantly attenuated after CTL (250 and 500 mg/kg per body weight) administration, dose-dependently. Even various oxidative stress parameters were also drastically changed in a STZ-diabetic rats which were improved by CTL (250 and 500 mg/kg per body weight). Histopathological study of kidney was supported the potential protective effect of CTL (250 and 500 mg/kg per body weight). The activity elicited by the extract might be due to its ability to activate antioxidant enzymes. The findings suggest the potential use of the CTL (250 and 500 mg/kg per body weight) as a novel therapeutically useful nephroprotective agent....
Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Glycyrrhiza inflat Bat. is widely used to treat gastric ulcer and gastritis in clinic in China. Aim of\nthe Study. To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanisms of the total flavonoid extract (TFE) from G. inflat Bat. on\natrophic gastritis (AG) rats. Materials and Methods. The rat AG model was established by providing sodium deoxycholate and\nalcohol, and then, AG rats were treated with TFE for 30 days. Pathologic changes in gastric specimens were observed using\nhematoxylin and eosin staining, and the capability of gastric mucosa to secrete mucus was examined by alcian blue-periodic acid\nSchiff staining. Apoptosis induction in gastric tissues was measured by the TUNEL assay. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and\nproteins in the Akt/MAPK pathway in gastric tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry and/or Western blotting. Results.\nCompared with the AG group, TFE attenuated the damage of gastric mucosa as reflected by the thickening of the lamina propria\nand the thinning of the muscularis mucosae. Moreover, TFE induced apoptosis in gastric mucosa with increasing Bax/Bcl-2\nexpression ratio. Concomitantly, the degrees of p-ErkThr202/Tyr204 and p-AktThr308 were decreased, whereas those of p-p38Thr180/\nTyr182 and p-JNKThr183/Tyr185 were increased. Conclusion. We demonstrated the anti-AG effect of G. inflat Bat. in vivo and\nelucidated the underlying mechanisms that involve gastric mucosa protection through the Akt/MAPK pathway. The study\nprovides a rationale for the application of G. inflat Bat. in the treatment of AG....
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