Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 7 Articles
Background: In a real-world setting, the effect of pulse rate measured at the time of diagnosis and serially during\nfollow-up and management, on outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), has not been wellstudied.\nFurthermore, how beta-blockade use in a real-world situation modifies this relation between pulse rate and\noutcomes in HFrEF is not well-known. Hence, we identified a large, national, real-world cohort of HFrEF to examine\nthe association of pulse rate and outcomes.\nMethods: Using Veterans Affairs (VA) national electronic health records we identified incident HFrEF cases between\n2006 and 2012. We examined the associations of both baseline and serially measured pulse rates, with mortality\nand days hospitalized per year for heart failure and for any cause, using crude and multivariable Cox proportional\nhazards and Poisson or negative binomial models, respectively. The exposure was examined as continuous,\ndichotomous, and categorical. Post-hoc analyses addressed the interaction of pulse rate and beta-blocker target\ndose..........................
Background: Major adverse cardiovascular events are the main cause of morbidity and mortality over the long\nterm in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. There are few reports assessing the prognostic value of\nmarkers of inflammation in relation to the risk of cardiovascular disease after carotid endarterectomy. Here, we\naimed to determine whether matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9 and MMP-10), tissue\ninhibitor of MMPs (TIMP-1) and in vivo inflammation studied by 18F-FDG-PET/CT predict recurrent cardiovascular\nevents in patients with carotid stenosis who underwent endarterectomy.\nMethods: This prospective cohort study was carried out on 31 consecutive patients with symptomatic (23/31) or\nasymptomatic (8/31) severe (> 70%) carotid stenosis who were scheduled for carotid endarterectomy between July\n2013 and March 2016. In addition, 26 healthy controls were included in the study. Plasma and serum samples were\ncollected 2 days prior to surgery and tested for MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, TIMP-1, high-density\nlipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. 18F-FDGPET/\nCT focusing on several territoriesâ?? vascular wall metabolism was performed on 29 of the patients because of no\npresurgical availability in 2 symptomatic patients. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were performed\nwith antibodies targeting MMP-10, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and CD68....
Background. Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but the impact of hyperuricemia and sex-related disparities\nis not fully clear in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Objective. To investigate the association between\nhyperuricemia and 1-year all-cause mortality in elderly patients with ACS. Methods. This retrospective cohort study included 711\nconsecutive ACS patients aged..............................
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and end diastolic volume (EDV) are measured using Simpsonâ??s biplane\n(SB), 3-dimensional method (3DE), and speckle tracking (STE). Comparisons between methods in routine practice are limited.\nOur purpose was to compare and to determine the correlations between these three methods in clinical setting. Methods. LVEF\nand EDV were measured by three methods in 474 consecutive patients and compared using multiple Blandâ??Altman (BA) plots. The\ncorrelations (R) between methods were calculated.....................
Background: Complete heart blocks underwent to permanent pacemaker placement are a common complication\nof tricuspid valve replacement (TVR). If indicated, endocardial placement of a right ventricular (RV) lead is precluded\nin the presence of mechanical TVR.\nCase presentation: A 20-year-old female patient firstly underwent metallic prosthetic valve operation with tricuspid\nvalve endocarditis in 2014. Three years after the operation, echocardiography revealed dysfunction of the prosthetic\nvalve thus reoperation was decided. In the second operation, the patient underwent a bioprosthesis valve and AV\ncomplete block developed in the postoperative period. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was 45% was found on\nechocardiography. Pacemaker dependence of the patient, it was aimed to place two electrodes into the left\nventricle. Electrodes were placed the target two branches in coronary sinus (CS) and right atrium. Univentricular\nbifocal pacing was enabled to work.\nConclusion: Electrode placement in the CS is a very good alternative to epicardial surgical lead placement in cases\nwhere endocardial lead placement from the right atrium to the RV is contraindicated. In patients with lower left\nventricular EF who will be pacemaker dependent, the insertion of two electrodes into the CS to prevent pacemaker\nis a safe and effective treatment....
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common and serious illness in the world and has been researched for many years.\nHowever, there are still no real effective ways to prevent and save patients with this disease. When patients present with\nmyocardial infarction, the most important step is to recover ischemic prefusion, which usually is accomplished by coronary artery\nbypass surgery, coronary artery intervention (PCI), or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). These are invasive procedures, and\npatients with extensive lesions cannot tolerate surgery. It is, therefore, extremely urgent to search for a noninvasive way to save\nischemic myocardium. After suffering from ischemia, cardiac or skeletal muscle can partly recover blood flow through angiogenesis\n(de novo capillary) induced by hypoxia, arteriogenesis, or collateral growth (opening and remodeling of arterioles)\ntriggered by dramatical increase of fluid shear stress (FSS). Evidence has shown that both of them are regulated by various crossed\npathways, such as hypoxia-related pathways, cellular metabolism remodeling, inflammatory cells invasion and infiltration, or\nhemodynamical changes within the vascular wall, but still they do not find effective target for regulating revascularization at\npresent....................
This study aims to study the efficiency of the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) for determining coronary artery disease. It compares\nthe frequency of abnormal WHtR, as a proxy for abdominal obesity, to that of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference\n(WC). It also relates the findings to other cardiometabolic risk factors in University Hospital patients. A cross-sectional study\ndesign was used, where a sample of 200 patients (142 males and 58 females) who attended the adult cardiac clinic were purposively\nincluded. BMI, WC, and WHtR were measured, where frequencies of WHtR were compared to those of BMI and WC. The\nfindings were related to the history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and history of cardiometabolic risk factors, including\ndiabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and hyperlipidemia. Majority of the male patients were older, taller, and had a lower\nBMI value. It also showed that the prevalence of dyslipidemia and CAD was higher in male patients. No significant difference\nbetween both genders was noticed for weight, WC, WHtR, hypertension, or DM. BMI was least associated with high-risk cardiac\npopulation in both males and females (39.4% and 60.3%), followed by WC (84.5% and 96.6%, respectively). WHtR showed the\nhighest association with gender (male 98.6% and females 98.3%). These findings were noticed in patients with all risk factors.\nWHtR is superior to BMI and WC for determining the elevated risk of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and CAD in a single\nuniversity institute. The role of WHtR in both normal and diseased Saudi population should be delineated....
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