Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2012 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 10 Articles
In recent years, medicinal plants have attracted a lot of attention globally. Since long time evidence has accumulated to demonstrate promising potential of medicinal plants used in various traditional, complementary and alternative systems especially for cancer treatment. Several folk medicinal plants have been studied for anti cancer pharmacological activity in recent years. The present review is aimed at compiling data on promising Phytochemical from folk medicinal plants for anticancer activity that have been tested in various disease models using modern scientific methodologies. Although it is still unclear whether nutraceuticals play a causal or supportive role in tumourigenisis, the special metabolic demands of cancer cells provide a unique target for therapy and to achieve it herbal medicines play an active role. A total of 84 medicinal plant species were reported to be used for cancer and tumour prevention or treatment; 69.05% of these were cited as being used for the treatment of tumors and cancer in general and 30.95% for specific tumors or cancers. The plants that were cited at a higher frequency were Azadirachta indica, Alstonia scholaris, Allium sativam, Withania somnifera and Zanthoxylum armatum. The species addressed here constitute interesting objects for future studies to various professionals in the field of natural products....
Angelica archangelica Linn. (Apiaceae) is an herb distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In Indian system of medicine, it is used for nervous disorders including anxiety, anorexia and migraine. It is also used for cerebral diseases in Chinese system of medicines. Present study is aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of aqueous extract of Angelica archangelica Linn. A. archangelica (1 kg) was subjected to extraction with water using decoction method (yield 16.3% w/w). Aqueous extract (AEA) was evaluated for anxiolytic effects using elevated plus maze, light/dark box and hole board tests in rats. AEA increased number of entries and time spent in open arms on the elevated plus maze test while as in the light/dark arena test, they showed an increase in number of crossings and time spent in light arena (*P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001) in both the models. In the hole-board test, AEA significantly increased head-dipping counts and its duration. The results showed significant anxiolytic activity and further works are in progress in our laboratory to isolate and identify the constituent responsible for anxiolytics and the mechanism of action involved....
Plants are well known to possess various medicinal properties. The present study is conducted to evaluate the phytochemical profile and antibacterial activity of ripe fruits of Cassia fistula Linn. Studies on the antibacterial activity of 90% ethanol extract of Cassia fistula ripe fruits and it’s ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were conducted using disc diffusion method. The microorganisms used were Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antibacterial activity was observed against all microorganisms. The minimum inhibitory concentration of different extracts ranged between 5mg/ml and 0.078mg/ml depending upon the microorganism however in some cases, the MIC was above 5mg/ml. Presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids and tannins was observed in different extracts. Cassia fistula was observed to have antibacterial activity and can be used for medicinal purpose....
The plant Sida cordifolia belongs to family Malvaceae is used in treatment of cancer. On cytotoxic studies of methanolic extract of the native plant possess cytotoxic activity. The in vitro produced callus in MS media with 2,4-D and BA were subcultured into MS medium with different plant growth regulators. The methanolic extracts of these calli were subjected to antibacterial screening. Methanol extract of callus produced from the combination of NAA (1.00 mg/l) + Kinetin (1.00 mg/l) was found to more active than the native plant extract. On GCMS analysis the bioactive compounds vasicine and ephedrine were identified and they are more in vitro produced callus compared to native plant. The natural extract possesses antitumour activity on cytotoxicity assay....
To investigate the glucokinase activity of flavonoids in alloxan-induced diabetes rats. The effects of orally administered flavonoids (Quercetin Chrysin & Hesperdin) on serum glucose and lipid profiles were examined in diabetic rats. While the activities of glucokinase, in the serum were assessed. The flavonoids were administered over a period of 21 days. The quercetin chrysin & hesperdin and Pioglitazone were significantly (P<0.01) reduced serum glucose levels, lipid profiles but increased activities of glycolytic enzyme, glucokinase. The present investigation suggests that quercetin chrysin & hesperdin and pioglitazone exhibit glucokinase activation and reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic rats....
The in vivo Antioxidant potential of aqueous extract of Aerva lanata Linn was analyzed against ethylene glycol induced urolithiatic rats. The effect of extract on lipid peroxides and antioxidant enzymes in plasma and hepatic tissues in normal and urolithiatic rats were analyzed. Treatment with 500 mg/kg (p.o.) of aqueous extract of Aerva lanata improved the, SOD, catalase, and lipid peroxides (TBARS mtd) levels significantly as compared to control group. The present studies revealed that Aerva lanata have significant in-vivo antioxidant activity and can be used to protect tissue from oxidative stress. This study revealed that the aqueous extract of Aerva lanata comprise effective source of natural antioxidant, which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stresses and a good source of neutraceuticals. In vivo antioxidant parameters such as lipid peroxidation (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were monitored. It was observed that treatment with 500 mg/kg (p.o.) of aqueous extract of Aerva lanata produced significant (P < 0.001) decrease in TBARS, and increased SOD, and CAT....
Purpose: This study was carried out with an objective to study the preventive effects of Momordica charantia (Karela) on diabetic retinopathy in hyperglycemic rats through its hypoglycemic, angiogenic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Method: The diabetic rats were treated for a period of 24 weeks and evaluated for hyperglycaemic, angiogenic, inflammatory and antioxidant parameters as well as histological and immunological changes. Rat fundus was monitored regularly to visualize retinal changes, using fundus camera. Results: Momordica charantia (MC) treatment reduced blood glucose significantly as compared to diabetic group. Significant lenticular changes were also observed in diabetic rats. VEGF expression elevated markedly in retina of diabetic animals, which reduced significantly on simultaneous treatment with MC. PKC expression in diabetic animals was very high, which significantly reduced on treatment with MC. Anti-inflammatory markers- TNF-a and IL-1b increased in the retina of diabetic rats. Simultaneous treatment with MC exhibited a good prevention against increase in these expressions. It also showed significantly improved levels of retinal Glutathione (GSH). GSH activity decreased in diabetic control group which was restored in treated animals. Histopathological studies revealed mild thickening of the vascular basement membrane of retinal blood vessel from diabetic group, but showed thin long endothelial cells with no widening of the basement membrane in normal and MC treated animals. Conclusion: The inhibition of angiogenic and over expresssion of pro-inflammatory mediators by MC and its efficacy in preventing the retinal oxidative stress in the development of experimental retinopathy suggests its potentiality in the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy....
Preliminary Phytochemical screening and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Aqueous, Ethanol, Methanol and Chloroform leaf extracts of Hiptage benghalensis collected from different altitudes of Tiruchirappalli districts namely Srirangam Brindhavanam and Pacchai malai were evaluated for their phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial potency against selected pathogens such as Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Helicobacter pylori, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Trichosporan asahi, at different concentrations of 25 µg, 50 µg, 75 µg and 100 µg respectively. Streptomycin and Ketoconazole were used as positive control, while, the respective solvents served as the negative control. The results obtained showed that there were minor variations in the phytochemical constituents among the leaf extracts collected from the plains of Srirangam and the hill top of Pacchai malai. Antimicrobial investigation of all the leaf extracts exhibited significant antimicrobial activity with ethanol extracts of the leaf showing highest potency. However, notable potency was observed with the leaf extracts obtained from higher altitude....
Chhindwara and Betul both the district are tribal and backward district of Madhya Pradesh and Most of the part of the region contains forest and villages, so the natives still hardly believe in traditional system of medicine. 42 locally available plants of 21 families have been listed below which are used by the local people of Sillevani valley of Chhindwara district against various diseases. Plant species with their botanical names, family, local names, parts used and their medicinal uses are enlisted....
As per Ancient text, one of the Triphala formulation called as Chinnodbhavadi kwath (decoction) is used for chronic hyperacidity and gastro-intestinal problems. Triphala is categorized as Ayurvedic rejuvenator and antioxidant rich herbal formulation. The aim of present study was to ascertain whether the intestinal protective effect of Triphala formulations is retained when Triphala formulation used as an ingredients of Chinnodbhavadi kwath to substantiate its traditional claim. Intestinal damage was induced by administering methotrexate (MTX) in a dose of 12 mg/kg, orally for 4 days to albino rats. The intestinal damage response was assessed by measuring the intestinal permeability to phenol red and tissue biochemical parameters. Chinnodbhavadi kwath at the dose of 8.7 ml/kg significantly restored the depleted level of disaccharidases and ATPases content in basolateral membrane of intestine (BBMV) and decreased the myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase level in intestinal mucosa of MTX treated rats. However permeation clearance of phenol red through damaged intestinal mucosa not affected at significant level. Based on the data generated it is suggested that Chinnodbhavadi kwath provides moderate protection against methotrexate induced damage in rat intestine....
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