Current Issue : January-March Volume : 2013 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 15 Articles
Tinospora Cordifolia is also called as Guduchi or Amrita and it is an herbaceous vine of the family Menispermeaceae, found in the tropical areas of India, Myanmar and Sri-Lanka. The plant is a glabrous climbing shrub, typically growing in deciduous and dry forests. It is important Ayurvedic System of Medicine and potential medicinal properties reported by scientific research which includes antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-leprotic, anti-stress, anti-allergic, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antispasmodic, antimalarial, immunomodulatory and haepatoprotective activity etc. It is presently called as miracle herb due to its properties of curing lot of diseases. The present investigation provides evidence that supports the ethanomedicinal properties of Tinospora Cordifolia in light of various researches....
Leea indica is used for long period in various chronic diseases therapeutically. Aim of the current review is to search literature for the pharmacological properties, safety/toxicity studies, pharmacognostic studies and phytochemical investigation of Leea indica. The compiled data may be helpful for the researchers to focus on the priority areas of research yet to be discovered. Complete information about the plant has been collected from various books, journals etc. Journals of the last 20 years were searched. Particulars of pharmacological activities, phytochemical isolation, toxicity studies etc. were extracted from the published reports focussing on the safety profile of the plant. Safety of the whole plant was concluded in the review....
Nature always stands as a golden mark to exemplify the outstanding phenomena of symbiosis. In the western world, as the people are becoming aware of the potency and side effect of synthetic drugs, there is an increasing interest in the natural product remedies with a basic approach towards the nature. Medicinal plants play a vital role for the development of new drugs. A number of scientific investigations have highlighted the importance and the contribution of many herbal plants. Almost, 70% modern medicines in India are derived from natural products. Medicinal plants play a central role not only as traditional medicines but also as trade commodities, meeting the demand of distant markets. Throughout the history of mankind, many infectious diseases have been treated with herbals. Acne vulgaris is an extremely common disorder affecting many adolescents and adults throughout their lifetimes. The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial and is thought to involve excess sebum, follicular hyperkeratinization, bacterial colonization, and inflammation. This article reviews the literature on the etiology, pathogenesis, conventional and modern treatment along with the efficacy of some traditional folklore herbal drugs used for treating acne vulgaris....
Herbal medicinal prescriptions have been helping people without being systematically tested by modern scientific methods. Humans have invented many benefits from natural plants. Medicinal plant extracts are now generally considered as effective therapeutic medicines and they play a vital role in pharmacy. As solanum nigrum, containing various phytoconstituents, are to be useful therapeutically like in treatment of various disease Chronic hepatitis, Infective hepatitis, fever, juice, ointment used for skin problems, as cosmetics. The methanolic extract of the solanum nigrum was prepared by the percolation method and then different concentration of which was tested for its antibacterial and antifungal activity by agar disk diffusion methods. By determining the the zone of inhibition as result methanolic extract of the solanum nigrum was giving good significant activity against test microorganisms, so methanolic extract of the solanum nigrum can be rich source of the antibacterial properties....
The present study was undertaken to investigate diuretic effect of root of Linaria ramosissima (Wall.), Scrophulariaceae, a folklore plant, in albino rats. Suspension of root powder in 2% gum acacia was administered to experimental rats orally at doses of 450mg/kg. The diuretic effect was evaluated by measuring urine volume, pH of urine and urinary electrolyte excretion. Administration of test drug increased the urine volume significantly, Moreover it also enhanced the urinary excretion of sodium, chloride and potassium significantly, in comparison to control group. From the present study, it can be concluded that, the roots of Linaria ramosissima (Wall.) have significant diuretic activity....
Machilus macrantha is large tree (Family: Lauraceae) commonly known as Golum. In India it is mainly found in Maharashtra, Bihar and Assam up to an altitude of 2100 M. Traditionally stems bark of Machilus macrantha are used in treatment of asthma consumption and rheumatism. Recent pharmacological study is reported with respect to its anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was preliminary screening of various extracts of stem bark of Machilus macrantha for their possible antihistaminic or parasympatholytic activity. The plant material was collected from Lonavala region, District-Pune, Maharashtra, India. Dried powdered bark was successively extracted with pet. Ether (40-60°C), chloroform, acetone and water by increasing its polarity. The present results of pharmacological screening indicate that all extracts of Machilus macrantha bark showed competitive inhibitory activity (significant increase in Preconvulsion time) against bronchospasm induced by Ach and Histamine in guinea pigs compared with the standard drugs like Chlorpheniramine maleate and atropine of which Chloroform and USM (unsaponifiable matter form pet ether extract) fraction of bark showed significant Inhibit histamine & Acetylcholine induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs....
Acalypha indica L., belonging to family Euphorbiaceae, is an herb used in traditional medicine for the treatment of bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, rheumatism, earache, syphilitic ulcers, bacterial and renal diseases. Acalypha indica crude root powder was extracted with solvents of increasing polarity viz. petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol successively by continuous hot percolation method. Acalypha indica methanol extract was evaluated using three different in-vitro models to explore anti-arthritic potential such as inhibition of protein denaturation, proteinase inhibitory action and anti-hyaluronidase activity. The concentrations of 10 to 200 μg/ml of Acalypha indica methanol extract were prepared using DMSO. Diclofenac was used as the positive control. All in-vitro determinations were done in triplicate. A dose dependent increase in percentage inhibition was observed for all the three models. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) was found to be 52 μg/ml for protein denaturation assay, 37 μg/ml in proteinase inhibitory action and 18 μg/ml for anti-hyaluronidase activity. Diclofenac offered protective activity at even much lower concentrations compared to Acalypha indica methanol extract producing IC50 values of 40 and 13 μg/ml for protein denaturation and proteinase inhibitory assays. Acalypha indica exhibited a very good anti-arthritic activity in all the methods checked confirming its traditional use. Further in-vivo studies are to be carried out to confirm their activity and explore the mechanism by which this plant acts in protecting from autoimmune disease and rationalize their use....
Oxidative damage is caused by free radicals and reactive oxygen species, mostly generated endogenously. Currently, there is great interest in finding antioxidants from natural sources to minimize oxidative damage to cells. In this article flavonoid content, total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of Hydroalcoholic extracts of the Bark of Erythrina indica were measured. Total phenolic content was assessed by the Folin–Ciocalteau assay whereas antioxidant activities were assessed by measuring the ability of the extracts to scavenge the Super oxide free radical and DPPH Free radicals, reducing power Method by FeCl3, Phosphomolybdenum assay (P–Mo). Total Phenolic content and Flavonoid content of Hydroalcoholic (50%) extract of Bark of Erythrina indica (1mcg/ml) was found to be 35.541±0.019 mcg/mg of Gallic acid equivalent to phenol and 330±0.0010 mcg/mg of Rutin equivalent respectively. This extract exerted significant antioxidant activity as evidenced by its DPPH free radical scavenging (IC50= 227.013±0.565 µg/ml.). The reducing power by fecl3 of Erythrina indica Hydroalcoholic (50%) extract increased with increase in concentration and superoxide free radical scavenging activities (IC50= 96.836±1.95 µg/ml) increased in concentration dependent manner. The results obtained in the present study indicate that Erythrina indica is a potential source of Antioxidants....
The present study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant potential of Sargasssum wightii Greville ex J.Agardh, Padina tetrastromatica Hauck (Paeophyceae), Ulva faciata Delile (Chlorophyceae) and Gracillaria edulis (S.G.Gmelin) P.C. Silva (Rhodophyta) using DPPH and ABTS assays Methods: The whole thallus of S. wightii, P. tetrastromatica, U. faciata and G. edulis were shade dried and extracted with methanol. The crude extracts were examined for antioxidant activities by estimating the scavenging activity of both DPPH and ABTS radicals. Results: The antioxidant result of the present study revealed that the order of radical scavenging activity of the test compounds was as follows Padina tetrastromatica > Ulva faciata > Gracillaria edulis > Sargassum wightii Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that, the selected seaweeds S. wightii, P. tetrastromatica, U. faciata and G. edulis may be rich of good antioxidant activities which can be isolated and further screened for different kind of biological activities depending on their therapeutic uses....
Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to 5 groups containing 8 animals each. Group I (Normal Control) and Group II (Model Control) animals received distilled water throught out study period. Group III, Group IV and Group V received Ascorbic acid (250 mg/kg), Methanolic extract of Trigonella foenum graecum Linn (MTfg) 300 mg/kg and MTfg 600 mg/kg respectively once a day per oral for 28 days. On the 27th day MI was induced in animals of Group II to Group V by administration of the first dose of ISO (100 mg/kg, S.C) followed by second dose of ISO after 24 hours. 12 hours after the second dose of ISO, rats were anaesthetized and decapitated. Blood was collected from each animal. Serum was obtained by centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 15 min and at the same time heart was rinsed with ice-chilled physiologic saline and weighed. It was then used for the estimation of various biochemical parameters. Administration of Isoproterenol significant decreased Na/k ATPase, K, MDA and increased CK-MB, LDH, Ca ATPase, Mg ATPase, Na, GSH, SOD, Catalase. While on ECG ST Segment elevation and heart rate were seen in Myocardial Infarction. These changes were significantly prevented by treatment with Ascorbic acid and MTfg. Cardioprotective activity of MTfg can be attributed to decrease Cardiac Marker Enzyme level and normalizes ECG changes....
Mangifera indica Linn (Anacardiaceae) commonly called as “A¬m” in Hindi is used in treatment of syphilis, emesis, inflammation, ulcer, rheumatism and diabetes ethnopharmacologically. Mangifera indica bark was extracted with solvents of increasing polarity viz. petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol successively by continuous hot percolation method. The anti-arthritic potential of Mangifera indica methanol extract was then evaluated using three different in-vitro models viz. inhibition of denaturation of protein, proteinase and hyaluronidase. The concentrations of 10 to 200 μg/ml of Mangifera indica methanol extract were prepared using DMSO. Diclofenac was used as the positive control. All determinations were done in triplicate. A dose dependent increase in percentage inhibition was observed for all the three models. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) was found to be 70 μg/ml for protein denaturation assay, 32 μg/ml in proteinase inhibitory action and 18 μg/ml for anti-hyaluronidase activity. Diclofenac offered protective activity at even much lower concentrations compared to Mangifera indica methanol extract produced IC50 values of 40 and 13 μg/ml in protein denaturation and proteinase inhibitory assays. Mangifera indica exhibited a very good anti-arthritic activity in all the tested models confirming its folklore use. In-vivo studies are needed to confirm its anti-arthritic activity and further explore its possible mechanism and identify the desired phytoconstituents which protects from this autoimmune disease....
To evaluate the antiasthmatic and antianaphylactic activity of stem bark of Machilus macrantha in various experimental models. The antiasthmatic and antianaphylactic activity of bark of Machilus macrantha was studied on the histamine and acetylcholine (Ach) induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs, active and passive anaphylaxis in rats and mast cell degranulation induced by clonidine. Treatment with MMUSM (unsaponifiable matter from pet ether extract) and MMAlK treated groups resulted significantly protection (P<0.001) against acetylcholine and histamine aerosol-induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs. While treatment in active and passive sensitized rats with USM and alkaloid from stem bark of Machilus macrantha dose dependent level (at 50,100 mg/kg p.o) showed significantly reduction in number of disrupted mast cells (P<0.001) in a intestinal mesenteric specimen of rats when challenged with antigen (horse serum). It also significant reduced IgE levels (P<0.001) in animal compared to untreated control and standard (prednisolone) and also showed significant reduction in blood eosinophil count in actively sensitized rats. It also significant protects the mast cell disruption induced by clonidine (ex-vitro).USM and alkaloid from stem bark of Machilus macrantha exhibited non selective anti-histaminic, anti-cholinergic and bronchodilator activity may be due to mast cell stabilizing potential, suppression of IgE antibody production, eosinophil count and also inhibition of antigen induced histamine release. It may be due to some phytosterol like β-sitosterol, stigmasterol present in USM and alkaloid present in bark....
Heart diseases such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, arrhythmias, etc. are now being treated effectively by the extract of natural herbal blossoms. The herbal drugs which are the choice for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders and diseases are mentioned in this review. The present review highlights the significance of the effective treatment of complicated cardiovascular diseases by the routine herbal and folk remedies. The list of herbal drugs mentioned in the table is being arranged with their botanical source, family, chemical constituents, extracts and their specific therapeutic activity. The review helps to identify such medicinal plants and explore them for their significant activity with full scientific support and validation....
Excoecaria agallocha is a medicinal mangrove abundantly distributed in Southeast coast of India with absence of alkaloid scientific evidence. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate their radical scavenging effect and identify the alkaloids from crude alkaloids fraction of E.agallocha leaves using GC-MS analysis. The crude alkaloid fraction was isolated from 30 g powdered leaves of Excoecaria agallocha through acid-base method and subjected to GC-MS analysis. The alkaloid rich fractions confirmed radical scavenging activity with 88.85 ± 0.196 for 10 ppm. GC-MS results identify 21 phyto-constituents, include 12 alkaloid derivatives are 1-[a-(1-Adamantyl) benzyl idene] thio, Propanamide, Benzene methanol, 2-(2-aminopropoxy, 2-5-Dimethoxy-4-(methylthionyl), 1-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl) anthraquinine, DL-Cystine, 2-Propen-1-one, 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-, Phenylephrine and 5 higher alkanes viz., Hexadecane, Tetradecane, Pentadecane and Heptaflurobutyric acid acids/alcohols are present in significant concentration. However, the bioactivity of individual alkaloid may proceed to find a novel drug after implications with preclinical studies....
A mouth or oral ulcer from Latin u and that from Greek - e "wound" is an open sore in the mouth, or rarely a break in the mucous membrane or the epithelium on the lips or surrounding the mouth. The types of mouth ulcers are diverse, with a multitude of associated causes including: physical abrasion, acidic fruit, infection, other medical conditions, medications, and cancerous and nonspecific processes. Glycyrrhiza glabra, is widely distributed in Mediterranean countries, South Europe, Asia Minor, Egypt, Turkistan, Iran, and in India, it is reported to be cultivated in Baramulla, Srinagar, Jammu, Dehradun, Delhi and South India. Glycyrrhiza glabra is one of the most widely used herbs from the ancient medical history of Ayurveda, both as a medicine and also as a flavoring herb. It is a very sweet, moist, soothing herb that detoxifies and protects the liver and is also a powerful anti-inflammatory, being used in conditions as varied as arthritis and mouth ulcers....
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