Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2012 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 12 Articles
Acne vulgaris (commonly called acne) is a common skin condition, caused by changes in the pilosebaceous units, skin structures consisting of a hair follicle and its associated sebaceous gland via androgen stimulation. Acne mainly affects the teenagers up to 95% boys and 83% girls due to the hormonal changes. The incidence of severity of acne peak at 40% in 14-17 year old girls and 35% in boys aged 16-19. Acne treatment involves the correcting of the altered pattern of follicular keratinization, decreasing sebaceous gland activity, decreasing Propionibacterium acnes population and producing anti-inflammatory effect. Tetracycline, erythromycin, roxithromycin, clindamycin, benzoyl peroxide and azelaic acid are generally employed to inhibit inflammation or to kill the bacteria. Long term use of these antibiotics cause significant antibiotic resistance and multiple drug resistance in acne patients. There are various treatments available in the market like, hormonal therapy, oral therapy, phototherapy, laser treatment. Other alternative treatment is laser therapy, cosmetic surgery, etc. Which is a costlier option. In order to overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance, medicinal plants have been extensively studied as an alternative treatment for acne. In addition, the medicinal plants/ naturally derived compounds are believed to be safer than synthetic compounds....
Cucurbita pepo (C. pepo) is a perennial creeping herb belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. The seeds of which contain sizable amounts of protein (35%) and approximately 50% fatty oil, whose fatty acid profile is dominated by unsaturated fatty acids, namely Linoleic and oleic acid. There are many trace constituents like tocopherols (0.1%) and phytosterols (total 0.1 to 0.5%). A wide range of chemical compounds including sterols, Triterpenoids, tocopherols, and fatty acids have been isolated from the species. Its extracts have been found to possess various pharmacological activities. Below, we give a comprehensive review of its ethnomedical uses, chemical constituents, and pharmacological profile as a medicinal plant. Particular attention is given to its, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antidepressant, antioxidant, diuretic, hepatoprotective, antiparasitic and anthelmintic, effects so that its potential uses in pharmaceutics can be better evaluated....
The present study was carried out to evaluate the analgesic activity of Jussiaea hyssopifolia plant in adult Swiss albino mice.weighing around 25-30gm. Methanolic extract of dried plant Jussiaea hyssopifolia at a rate of 200, 300mg/kg body weight were used in the present study. The study was conducted as per hot plate method. Methanolic extract of Jussiaea hyssopifolia showed significant effect when compared to standard drug diclofenac. The extract at 200mg/kg showed significant activity (P<0.01). Methanolic extract showed significant activity at tested dose levels after 45 minute interval. The result showed significant analgesic activity against stimuli. This is evidenced by significant increase in the reaction time by thermal stimuli....
Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. is a tree belonging to family Simaroubaceae, indigenous to Central and Southern India. Commonly it is known as a plant of Heaven. And has been used in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. In the present review, an attempt has been made to explore a literature survey on its traditional uses and pharmacological properties.the whole plant as well as specific parts such as leaves, barks and roots have been widelyused and claimed against different diseases by rural and traditional practioners. This plant has great contribution in modern system of hrbal medicine for new drug development....
The present investigated that the antidiabetic potential and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Pedalium murex leaves were assessed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Results revealed that, diabetic rats showed increase in blood glucose and decrease in plasma insulin (p<0.01) levels after 48 hrs of alloxan administration. The oral administration of ethanol extract at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg of body weight, for 30 days exhibited a significant reduction in the blood glucose level compared to the standard drug-treated rats and diabetic control. The level of serum triglycerides, phospholipids and total cholesterol were significantly increased in diabetic rats. The concentration of urine, glucose, glycosylated Haemoglobin was significantly increased, whereas haemoglobin, total protein, albumin and liver glycogen were significantly decreased in diabetic animals. Administration of Pedalium murex leaf extract decreased the diabetic complication. The marker enzymes of liver toxicity such as serum alanine transaminase (ALT), serum aspartate transaminase (AST), serum acid phosphatase (ACP) and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were elevated significantly in diabetic control. The liver glycogen levels also increased significantly in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Catalase and vitamin C levels were increased Pedalium murex fed rats. Phytotherapy with the Pedalium murex ethanol extract showed significant restoration in enzymatic and non enzymatic activities in diabetic animals. The phyto-treatment showed more efficient antihyperglycemic effect than the standard drug glibenclamide....
Musa is an important medicinal plant of Family: Musaceae in India. Musa species have been reported to have various biological activities such as antiulcerogenic, antidiabetic, antiatherogenic, antidiarrheic, antitumoral and antimutagenic and have been also found to be effective in treatment of migraine, hypertension, cholesterol and hiperoxalury....
The dried seeds of Benincasa hispida (THUNB.) COGN. on successive extraction was extracted with solvents of increasing polarity by Soxhlet apparatus.The petroleum ether, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of seeds of Benincasa hispida (THUNB.) COGN. (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and standard drug cystone (500 mg/kg body weight) were used.Ethylene glycol (EG) being a chief substitute for alcohol, EG is commonly used as anti freeze in cooling systems of automobiles, aircrafts and has wide industrial applications.Toxicity from EG is produced from the metabolites such as glycoaldehyde, glyoxalate and oxalate, producing wide spread tissue injury in the kidney. The Aqueous, Ethanolic and Petroleum ether seed extracts of Benincasa hispida (THUNB.) COGN. Were tested at 250 and 500mg/kg doses for Nephroprotective Activity. The effects of both ethanolic and petroleum ether extracts of Benincasa Hispida were evaluated according to the method of LIPSCHITZ. Frusemide was employed as a standard diuretic agent (100mg/kg)....
Hepatoprotective activity of 95% ethanolic extract of roots of Pisonia grandis R.Br. was studied against paracetamol induced hepatic injury in wister rats. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity was studied by in vitro models. Pre-treatment with 95% ethanolic extract (P.G.) reduced the biochemical markers of hepatic injury like serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, cholesterol, and tissue glutathione (GSH) levels. Histopathological observations also revealed that pretreatment with P.G. protected the animals from paracetamol induced liver damage. Similarly the ethanolic extract of P.G. was evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in rats at dose level of 250mg/kg in carrageenin induced paw oedema mercury displacement method. The ethanolic extract showed significant reduction in paw oedema as less compared to standard drug i.e.Indomethacin....
Withaferin-A isolated pure compound from the withania somnifera and standardized ashwagandha extract were evaluated for anti-inflammatory and anti-stress activity. Anti-inflammatory activity were investigated in Wistar rats using both Carrageenan and Formalin induced hind paw oedema model, while the Anti-Stress activity were investigated in Swiss albino mice using Swim Endurance Test. Treatment with Withaferin-A and standardized ashwagandha extract resulted in significant decrease in hind paw swelling. It was observed that Isolated Withaferin-A treatment for 7 day showed striking Increase in the swimming endurance time in mice which was significant compared to control. Meanwhile, the results of the acute toxicity test for Withaferin-A isolated pure compound from the withania somnifera and standardized ashwagandha extract indicate that it is relatively safe and non-toxic to rats. The findings of these experimental animal studies indicate that withaferin-A possesses potential anti-inflammatory and anti-stress activity...
Nowadays use of natural medicines in various diseased conditions is on get higher. Phytoconstituents in the treatment of arthritis may also be regarded as a part of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM), these are now widely acknowledged worldwide. There are a various types of alternate therapies which are used i.e. ayurveda, homoeopathy, acupressure, chiropractic, acupuncture, magnet therapy, color therapy, use of herbs, vitamins and minerals, because of the belief that modern medicine had no treatment for arthritis. Several herbal medicines constitute a potentially key path leading to novel therapeutic agents for inflammatory arthritis but also are safe, relatively inexpensive, highly tolerated and suitable for many patients. This paper provides overview on various herbal compounds reported for arthritis....
Cajanus scarabaeoides is found common on gravelly slopes of hill forests, spreading on small bushes. It’s species C. cajan is well known and well studied both phytochemically and pharmacologically. In the present study petroleum ether extract of leaves of Cajanus scarabaeoides is prepared. Preliminary phytochemical investigations are carried out and it showed presence of steroids and triterpenoids. This is then subjected to chromatographic studies like Thin Layer Chromatography and Column Chromatography and three chemical constituents are isolated from leaves by column chromatography. These chemical constituents are characterized by different spectroscopic studies like UV, IR, MS and HNMR. These compounds are found to triterpenoid Lupeol, Stigmasterol and Beta sitosterol....
Herbal medicines will play a major role in the medicines of future. As the inclination towards herbal medicines is increasing, it is desirable that they should be free from any type of contaminants like micro-organisms, heavy metals. Strict limits are prescribed for heavy metals in I.P. & B.P. for allopathic medicines. In contrast there are no limits prescribed for ayurvedic Preparations. As a result, we do not know whether the ayurvedic medicines consumed by population are safe or toxic from the point of view of contamination with heavy metals like lead and arsenic. In the present study analysis of the samples were carried out by Molybdenum Blue Photometric Method (for arsenic) and Dithizone method (for lead) and by Inductive Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission analysis. From the results, it was observed that these heavy metals are present in toxic level in some Ayurvedic raw materials and formulations....
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