Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2012 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 3 Articles
Asian countries are facing major air pollution problems due to rapid economic\r\ngrowth, urbanization and motorization. Mortality and respiratory diseases caused by air\r\npollution are believed to be endemic in major cities of these countries. Regulations and\r\nstandards are the first requirement for reducing emissions from both fixed and mobile\r\nsources. This paper emphasizes monitoring problems such as vehicle registration systems,\r\ninspection and maintenance (I/M) systems and fuel quality monitoring systems for vehicles\r\nin use. Monitoring problems in developing countries share similar characteristics such as a\r\nweakness in government initiatives and inadequate operation of government agencies,\r\nwhich results from a lack of human resources and availability of adequate facilities.\r\nFinally, this paper proposes a method to assure air quality improvements under the\r\ndifferent shares of emission regulations in these Asian countries and introduces an example\r\nof an evaluation method based on a policy survey to improve air quality....
Production line balancing problem (PLBP) is one of the most important stages in automobile\r\nmanufacturing. It is a critical problem in continuous Production Line (PL), and it is one of the difficult\r\noptimization problems. PLBP includes many stations concerned with the allocation of tasks to work,\r\nwhere each station contains a number of operations that cooperate to achieve the task work. The main\r\nPLBP are: queuing, idling time among stations during the task achievement, and unregulated number of\r\nworkers among a station, which is an obstacle to efficient PL. In this paper, the technical constraint was\r\ncarried out to minimize the queuing problem and regulate the workers by applying hybrid models; Multi-\r\nObjectives Model (MOM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). The outcome of the Mixed Models (MM) assists to\r\nreduce the queuing and the idling time through harmonizing the tasks in each workstation. In addition\r\nto balance the distribution of the new workers in order to get the optimal solutions, as well as\r\nimproving the ability of PL with the high production rate....
Wheel defects on trains, such as flat wheels and out-of-roundness, inevitably jeopardize the safety of railway operations. Regular\r\nvisual inspection and checking by experienced workers are the commonly adopted practice to identify wheel defects. However, the\r\ndefects may not be spotted in time. Therefore, an automatic, remote-sensing, reliable, and accurate monitoring system for wheel\r\ncondition is always desirable. The paper describes a real-time system to monitor wheel defects based on fiber Bragg grating sensors.\r\nTrack strain response upon wheel-rail interaction is measured and processed to generate a condition index which directly reflects\r\nthe wheel condition. This approach is verified by extensive field test, and the preliminary results show that this electromagneticimmune\r\nsystem provides an effective alternative for wheel defects detection. The system significantly increases the efficiency of\r\nmaintenance management and reduces the cost for defects detection, and more importantly, avoids derailment timely....
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