Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2013 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 4 Articles
We propose an intelligent vision-based Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV)\r\nsystem using fiduciary markers. In this paper, we explore a low-cost, efficient vehicle\r\nguiding method using a consumer grade web camera and fiduciary markers. In the\r\nproposed method, the system uses fiduciary markers with a capital letter or triangle\r\nindicating direction in it. The markers are very easy to produce, manipulate, and maintain.\r\nThe marker information is used to guide a vehicle. We use hue and saturation values in the\r\nimage to extract marker candidates. When the known size fiduciary marker is detected by\r\nusing a bird�s eye view and Hough transform, the positional relation between the marker\r\nand the vehicle can be calculated. To recognize the character in the marker, a distance\r\ntransform is used. The probability of feature matching was calculated by using a distance\r\ntransform, and a feature having high probability is selected as a captured marker. Four\r\ndirectional signals and 10 alphabet features are defined and used as markers. A 98.87%\r\nrecognition rate was achieved in the testing phase. The experimental results with the\r\nfiduciary marker show that the proposed method is a solution for an indoor AGV system....
The benefit of trolley truck systems is the substitution of the diesel fuel by the cheaper andmore ecological electrical energy. Trolley\r\ntrucks are powered by electricity fromtwo overhead contact lines, where one is the supply and the other the return conductor. Such\r\ntrolley trucks are used for haulage at open pit mining sites but could also be used for freight traffic at roadways in the future. Automatic\r\nguidance prevents the trolley-powered trucks fromleaving the track and thus allows higher operating speeds, higher loading\r\ncapacity, and greater efficiency. Radar is the ideal sensing technique for automatic guidance in such environments. The presented\r\nradar system with two-dimensional digital beamforming capability offers a compactmeasurement solution as it can be installed on\r\ntop of the truck. Besides the distance measurement, this radar system allows to detect the location and inclination of the overhead\r\ncontact lines by digital beamforming in two dimensions. Besides automatic guidance, the knowledge of the inclination of the overhead\r\ncontact lines could allow automatic speed adaption, which would help to achieve maximum speed especially in hilly terrain....
This paper deals with sensor fault detection within a reconfigurable direct torque control of an induction motor-based electric\r\nvehicle. The proposed strategy concerns current, voltage, and speed sensors faults that are detected and followed by post faulttolerant\r\ncontrol to allow the vehicle continuous operation. The proposed approach is validated through experiments on an\r\ninduction motor drive and simulations on an electric vehicle using a European urban and extraurban driving cycle....
In this paper we demonstrate the potential of combining electric hybridization\r\nwith a dual-fuel natural gas-Diesel engine. We show that carbon dioxide emissions can be\r\nreduced to 43 gram per kilometer with a subcompact car on the New European Driving Cycle\r\n(NEDC). The vehicle is operated in charge-sustaining mode, which means that all energy is\r\nprovided by the fuel. The result is obtained by hardware-in-the-loop experiments where the\r\nengine is operated on a test bench while the rest of the powertrain as well as the vehicle are\r\nsimulated. By static engine measurements we demonstrate that the natural gas-Diesel engine\r\nreaches efficiencies of up to 39.5%. The engine is operated lean at low loads with low engine\r\nout nitrogen oxide emissions such that no nitrogen oxide aftertreatment is necessary. At\r\nmedium to high loads the engine is operated stoichiometrically, which enables the use of a\r\ncost-efficient three-way catalytic converter. By vehicle emulation of a non-hybrid vehicle\r\non the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP), we demonstrate\r\nthat transient operation of the natural gas-Diesel engine is also possible, thus enabling a\r\nnon-hybridized powertrain as well....
Loading....