Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2013 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 4 Articles
The present paper presented the training or learning algorithms in telecommunication towers based on\r\nthe artificial neural networks to calculate accurately their natural frequency in different supporting\r\nconditions. Using SAP2000 program, the real frequency is calculated and is defined as a goal function\r\nfor neural network, so that all outputs of the network can be compared to this function and the error can\r\nbe calculated. The inputs including dimensions or specifications of telecommunication towers are made\r\nin MATLAB environment. According to the presented results, the performance of the neural network is\r\noptimum, and the errors are less than 6%, so the network can perform training in different manner.\r\nFurthermore, compare with analysis time of SAP2000 software, the time of frequency calculations in\r\nneural network is very low the precision of 9% is recorded....
There is a growing optimism among international organizations such as United Nations Development\r\nProgramme (UNDP) that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can transform developing\r\ncountries such as Nigeria to developed ones in a relatively short time. Experiences from Asian and\r\nEuropean countries such as India, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Thailand, Serbia and Ukraine tend to confirm\r\nthis claim. However, there are very few of such studies on African sub-regional experience. This study\r\nattempts to provide evidences from African sub-region particularly Nigeria. Data collected from Central\r\nBank of Nigeria (CBN) is used to find relationships between poverty reduction indicators and\r\ntelecommunication in Nigeria. The study reveals that generally, telecommunication contributions to\r\nindicators of poverty reduction are not significant. The major reason that can be adduced for the\r\nminimal contribution of telecommunication lines to poverty reduction is their concentration in urban\r\ncentre coupled with level of literacy and poor infrastructural facilities in the sub-region and indeed\r\nNigeria. Similarly, the poorââ?¬â?¢s are not properly linked to demand and supply chains information including\r\nproduce and labour markets as well as services such as credits extension, inputs and research\r\ninformation. The pervasive and widespread ââ?¬Å?quiet corruptionââ?¬Â in public institutions in Nigeria also\r\nreduces effects of telecommunication on poverty reduction....
This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the Universal Service (US) situation in Serbia, addressing\r\nthe economic and geographic digital divide for the introduction of broadband services. The authors�\r\nmain objectives are to study and present a detailed overview of the state of telecom infrastructure and\r\ntelecom service provisioning in the whole territory of Serbia as well as to recommend basic elements\r\nfor appropriate broadband access policies for regions as administrative units. The study methodology\r\nincludes the situation of locations (settlements) without fixed telecom services and locations with low\r\npenetration (4 and 10%), with each settlement having more than 50 inhabitants or more than 20\r\nhouseholds. To facilitate implementation, the economic strength of the critical settlements and the\r\nnecessary US funds are estimated, and the relationship between economic and telecommunication\r\ndevelopment is evaluated on the level of Serbian municipalities. This relationship indicates to policy\r\nmakers that telecommunication is an important tool for overall development. Special attention is paid to\r\npeople with disabilities and low-income users. As Serbia belongs to a large class of medium countries\r\nwith a middle income and moderate telecommunications, this case study and its findings could be used\r\nas a model for other emerging economies....
Over the last two decades, mobile telephony has wrought a tremendous impact on interpersonal\r\ncommunication over the world. In Ghana, however, the communicative significance of this new media\r\nas a means of promoting the culture of self-expression, particularly on the radio, is relatively unknown.\r\nIn this paper, I examine the uses and gratifications of approximately 500 SMS texts, arguably the\r\ncommonest new media, on the panel discussions of two major radio networks, drawing on Katz et al.�s\r\n(1974) uses and gratifications theory. Key findings showed that posting messages on radio panel\r\ndiscussions (RPDs) is motivated by six major gratifications, prominent among which are ideological\r\nformations and expressions of dissatisfaction about personal, social and national issues. These\r\nfindings not only characterise RPDs as a unique discourse type, but quintessentially reveal the nature\r\nof participatory democracy on RPDs in Ghana. The findings bear theoretical implications as well as\r\nraise concerns for media practice....
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