Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2021 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
The aim of this study was to fabricate novel self-supporting tacrolimus suppositories using\nsemisolid extrusion 3-dimensional printing (3DP) and to investigate their efficacy in an experimental\nmodel of inflammatory bowel disease. Blends of Gelucire 44/14 and coconut oil were employed as\nlipid excipients to obtain suppository formulations with self-emulsifying properties, which were\nthen tested in a TNBS (2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid) induced rat colitis model..........................
Alendronate (Aln) has been the first-line drug for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), while the comparable efficacy of Aln and strontium\nranelate (SrR) remains unclear. This study is aimed at comparing the effects of SrR and Aln treatment in a mouse model of OI.\nThree-week-old oim/oim and wt/wt female mice were treated with SrR (1800 mg/kg/day), Aln (0.21 mg/kg/week), or vehicle\n(Veh) for 11 weeks. After the treatment, the average number of fractures sustained per mouse was significantly reduced in both\nSrR- and Aln-treated oim/oim mice. The effect was comparable between these two agents. Both SrR and Aln significantly\nincreased trabecular bone mineral density, bone histomorphometric parameters (bone volume, trabecular number, and cortical\nthickness and area), and biomechanical parameters (maximum load and stiffness) as compared with the Veh group. Both\ntreatments reduced bone resorption parameters, with Aln demonstrating a stronger inhibitory effect than SrR. In contrast to its\ninhibitory effect on bone resorption, SrR maintained bone formation. Aln, however, also suppressed bone formation coupled\nwith an inhibitory effect on bone resorption. The results of this study indicate that SrR has comparable effects with Aln on\nreducing fractures and improving bone mass and strength. In clinical practice, SrR may be considered an option for patients\nwith OI when other medications are not suitable or have evident contraindications....
Gandouling (GDL) tablet is a Chinese patent medicine approved by the National Medical Product Administration, which\nis used to treat Wilson disease (WD) in China. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of GDL on mitophagy in the\nhippocampus in the toxic milk (TX) mouse model of WD. Methods. Mice were randomly divided into the following four groups:\ncontrol, Wilson (model group), D-penicillamine (DPA), and GDL groups. The animal behaviors were evaluated by the water maze\nexperiment, traction test, and pole test. Transmission electron microscopy was used for the detection of mitochondrion structure. An\nenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed for the analysis of the changes in liver function. Colocalization of\nmitophagy-related proteins was detected by fluorescence microscopy. Western blotting (WB) and reverse transcription-polymerase\nchain reaction (RT-PCR) were conducted for the detection of protein expression and mRNA levels, respectively. Results. Significant\nreduction in neurological impairments was observed in theWDmodel group. All of these results were significantly reversed by GDL\nintervention. Compared with the levels in the Wilson group, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase\n(AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and albumin (ALB) changed obviously. Colocalization between mitophagy-related proteins pink1,\nparkin, and mitochondria was changed significantly. The mitophagy-related mRNA (pink1, parkin, and LC3II) and protein expression\nlevels (pink1, parkin, and the rate of LC3II/LC3I) were decreased significantly, while p62 was remarkably increased after\nGDL intervention. Conclusion. Our findings indicated that the neuroprotective mechanism of GDL may occur via the inhibition of\nexcessive mitophagy through the regulation of the pink1/parkin pathway in the TX mouse brain of WD....
The study evaluated the neuroprotective effect and pharmacokinetic profile of turmeric extract and their metabolites in the\nblood and brain in an aluminum-induced neurotoxic animal model. Methods. Swiss albino mice received turmeric extract (TE), TEessential\noil combination (TE+EO) at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg/day orally, vehicle (control), and a positive control group.\nNeurotoxicity was induced by injecting aluminum chloride (40 mg/kg/day, i.p.), and the effect of the intervention was studied\nfor 45 days. The pharmacokinetic and behavioral biochemical markers of brain function and brain histopathological changes\nwere evaluated.............................
The current study is aimed at exploring the effect of Shentong Zhuyu Decoction on the proliferation, migration,\ninvasion, and apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) and its underlying molecular mechanism.\nMaterials and Methods. The type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was established. Subsequently, the RA-FLS were\nisolated from the CIA rat model and identified by immunohistochemistry. The viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and\ninvasion of RA-FLS were detected by the cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing assay, and transwell\ninvasion assay, respectively...................
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