Frequency: Quarterly E- ISSN: New Release P- ISSN: New Release
Quarterly published â??Inventi Rapid/Impact: Civil Constructionâ?? publishes high quality unpublished, as well as high impact pre-published research and reviews related to all the areas of civil construction including construction material handling, equipment, production planning, specifications, scheduling, estimating, cost control, quality control, labor productivity, inspection, contract administration, construction management etc.
Field monitoring in the process of excavation of foundation pit is an important measure to reduce the risk. This paper describes a\ncase study of the filed monitoring data during the process of deep foundation pit excavation in soft soil areas. The displacements of\nthe diaphragm wall top were analysed and found that the horizontal displacement showed the convex shape, while the vertical\ndisplacement showed the concave shape. Based on the field monitoring data, the deformation mode of lateral displacement of the\ndiaphragm wall belonged to the composite mode. The relationship between maximum lateral displacement and excavation depth\nshowed a strong linear correlation. The horizontal displacements of bracing pillar decreased with the increasing of bracing\nstiffness, while the effect of bracing stiffness on vertical displacements of bracing pillar could be ignored. The settlement profile\ncomputed using the method of Hsieh and Ou was in good agreement with the field observations and better described the\ndevelopment trend of the ground surface settlement. The ratio of the maximum ground surface settlement....................
One of the major challenges of constructing any high rise building for civil\nengineers is to make it earthquake resistant. This resistance largely depends\non the buildingâ??s shape and structural system. A comparative study has been\ndone in this paper about the seismic behavior and response of buildings having\na regular plan and plan irregularity (re-entrant corners). The 5 building\nmodels considered in this study are 15 stories each, the same area and identical\nweight....
This article focuses on the comparison between the Spanish architects de La Hoz (Madrid,\n1924) and José MarÃa GarcÃa de Paredes (Seville, 1924) projects for â??ultra-cheapâ?? housing in Cordoba,\nhow it evolved from a British patent named Ctesiphon, and the study of some of existing buildings\nerected following this construction system. The aim of this article is to stablish the evolution of the\nsystem from the original patent into a new possibility for low-income social housing. This system\nwas used to erect new developments in the 1950s that would relocate people living in huts during the\ndictatorship era in Spain, thus new â??technological hutsâ? were proposed and erected. The research\nprocess includes an analysis of the documents and literature available of the patent and the projects\nthemselves, and in situ tests (infrared thermography and samples extraction) will allow to establish\nthe relation between its original inventor, the dissemination of his works in publications from that\nera, and the Spanish company that subsequently, as a concession of the original patent, introduced\nthat system in Spanish architecture. Analysis of the original patent document allows to study the\nprimitive system as it was invented and for what uses it was conceived. Thus, such a methodology\nsupports an establishment of the technical innovations achieved in order to adapt the system to the\nAndalusian environment at that time and its use for housing....
Contemporary structures can resist earthquakes as they deform and dissipate energy.\nHowever, during strong ground motions, these structures can sustain significant concrete damage\nand overall permanent deformations. Therefore, it is of great benefit if earthquake-resisting structures\ncan deform and dissipate energy, and yet sustain mitigated damage. This paper illustrates the\nfindings of an experimental study focused on the mitigation of damage and reduction of residual\ndisplacements in reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls. In this study, the cyclic properties of\ntwo innovative shear wallsâ??a slender and a squat wallâ??which were cast with fiber-reinforced\ncementitious composites and reinforced with steel and glass fiber reinforced polymer bars are\ninvestigated. Then, the improvements of the innovative specimens with respect to two conventional\nRC shear walls are discussed in terms of damage propagation, self-centering, stiffness retention\nand energy dissipation. As the experiments showed, the innovative walls sustained mitigated\nconcrete damage and less residual drift ratios while illustrating significant stiffness and energy\ndissipation capacities....
Estimation of basic material consumption in civil engineering is very important in the initial phases of project implementation. Its\nimportance is reflected in the impact of material quantities on forming the prices of individual positions, hence on forming the\ntotal cost of construction. The construction companies use the estimate of material quantity, among other things, as a base to make\na bid on the market. The precision of the offer, taking into account the overall conditions of the business realization, directly\ninfluences the profit that the company can make on a specific project. In the early stages of project implementation, there are not\nenough available data, especially when it comes to the data needed to estimate material consumption, and therefore, the accuracy\nof material consumption estimation in the early stages of project realization is smaller. The paper presents the research on the use\nof artificial intelligence for the estimation of concrete and reinforcement consumption and the selection of optimal models for\nestimation. The estimation model was developed by using artificial neural networks. The best artificial neural network model\nshowed high accuracy in material consumption estimation expressed as the mean absolute percentage error, 8.56% for concrete\nconsumption estimate and 17.31% for reinforcement consumption estimate....
Auditorium buildings are special structures needing much attention for it to\nfunction properly. Generally, consideration should be given to seating, sightlines,\nand acoustic requirements. In addition, the design should ensure performer-\naudience intimacy as much as possible. The focus of the study is to\nreview design strategies for auditoria on the Kwame Nkrumah University of\nScience and Technology, Kumasi campus towards compliance and to develop\nsolutions for improvements that will enhance the performance of 4 selected\nauditorium facilities. Case study, observation and measurements were the\nmain strategies used. The results revealed that the approaches involved in\nauditorium designs are shape, volume, surface boundary dimensions and\nmaterials, stage, seating, foyers and sightlines. These parameters are grouped\nunder acoustical, functional and programmatic parameters. Reverberation\ntime calculated was high which indicated speech intelligibility problems,\nhence, improvement efforts were made to change the floor materials from\npolished tiles to carpeted floors, and high absorption wall claddings. In the\nprocess, the reverberation time was reduced from 1.47 - 2.23 to 0.84 - 1.73 for\nthe studied buildings. The study recommends strict adherence to standards\nand guidelines, and for designers to have a keen focus on designing these special\nbuildings. A renovation effort when undertaken, will lead to improvements\nin the performance of the selected buildings....
Automatic monitoring system is one of the main means to ensure the safety of underground engineering construction. This paper\nsummarizes the current international research and application status of the underground engineering monitoring system from\nthree aspects of data acquisition, data transmission, and data processing and emphatically introduces the mainstream new\ntechnology of the monitoring system. Furthermore, this paper puts forward specific and implementable technical routes based on\nthe current intelligent technology and the challenges faced by future monitoring, which can provide direction and reference for\nfuture research, including high-precision real-time acquisition and safe and reliable transmission of monitoring data, multisource\ndata fusion, and the visual intelligent early warning platform....
Abstract: Low- and middle-income countries lag behind in research that is related to the construction\nindustry and the waste problems that the sector is facing. Literature shows that waste reduction and\nrecycling have received a continuous interest from researchers, but mainly from developed countries.\nFew reports from low- and middle-income countries are concerned about the reuse of masonry,\nconcrete, and mortar in clay based building ceramics or recycling construction waste, but mostly\nin relation to concrete aggregates. Furthermore, few authors have described the major barriers and\nmotivations for construction waste reduction. The objective of this paper is to report the findings on\na research performed in Costa Rica with the objective to determine the barriers and motivations that\nthe construction sector is facing to improve the management of the construction materials. The study\nis based on data collected in two phases. During the first phase, a survey was sent via e-mail to 419\nmain contractors registered at the School Federation of Engineers and Architects (CFIA). The second\nphase consisted of a focus group discussion with 49 professionals from the construction industry to\nanalyse and validate the findings from the survey. Descriptive statistic methods helped to draw the\nconclusions. The result of the research is a comprehensive list of observed barriers and motivations\nfor waste reduction practices in the construction sector. These are not only applicable to Costa Rica,\nbut can be used as a guide for similar studies in other low- and middle-income countries....
In the last decade, construction industry has witnessed a huge transformation\nin term of the use of digital technologies, and particularly Building Information\nModeling (BIM). BIM is a revolutionary digital technology and process\nthat is reshaping the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry.\nThough, internationally, BIM has gained a great reputation for boosting\nproductivity in AEC industry, but it holds undeveloped possibilities for\nproviding and supporting AEC industry in Jordan. This study aims at exploring\nthe adoption of BIM within the Jordanian construction industry. To\nachieve this objective, the research commenced by carrying out an intensive\nliterature reviews on the implementation of BIM world-wide and in Middle\nEast, which was utilized to identify the benefits and challenges of BIM in construction\nindustry. An exploratory study was then conducted using an on-line\nsurvey to identify the current level of BIM experience, and to define the perceived\nbenefits and challenges facing BIM implementation. Findings reveal\nthat the adoption of BIM in Jordan is still in a very primitive phase and it faces\nnumbers of critical barriers such as, but not limited to, the absence of government\nincentives, the lack of BIM standards, lack of BIM awareness, lack of\nBIM need, cost and resistance to change. Similarly, the study identified the\nmain perceived potential benefits of BIM that were: ââ?¬Å?clash detectionââ?¬Â, ââ?¬Å?minimizing\nconflicts and changesââ?¬Â and ââ?¬Å?reducing reworkââ?¬Â. This research represents\na first step towards understanding the current situation of BIM implementation\nin Jordan. It can help AEC practitioners in Jordan recognize potential\nareas in which BIM can be useful in AEC practice. However, it provides a\nbenchmark for future studies that should tackle several other avenues further....
This paper presents a numerical study of reduced beamsection (RBS) beams with vertical and horizontal stiffeners. For RBS beams,\nit is speculated that strength deterioration will be caused by lateral buckling and local buckling. Supplemental lateral bracing (SLB)\ncan prevent lateral buckling but not prevent local buckling in the RBS portion. In the previous research, the effect of vertical or\nhorizontal stiffeners in RBS portion was shown to restrain local buckling of the RBS portion. But RBS with vertical stiffeners causes\nstress concentration at flange, and strength of RBS with horizontal stiffeners is lower than RBS with vertical stiffeners. In this paper,\nvarious patterns of placing stiffeners at the RBS portion are presented. The effect of vertical stiffeners and horizontal stiffeners\narranged at the RBS portion is discussed based on length. It is confirmed that, without placing supplemental lateral bracing (SLB),\nvertical and horizontal stiffeners can delay the occurrence of local buckling and prevent stress concentration.Moreover, the strength\ncan be sustained above 0.8...
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