Frequency: Quarterly E- ISSN: New Release P- ISSN: New Release
Quarterly published â??Inventi Rapid/Impact: Solarâ?? publishes high quality unpublished as well as high impact pre-published research and reviews related to all the areas of solar energy research, development, application, measurement or policy.
Sun position and the optimum inclination of a solar panel to the sun vary over time throughout the day. A simple but accurate solar\nposition measurement system is essential for maximizing the output power from a solar panel in order to increase the panel\nefficiency while minimizing the system cost. Solar position can be measured either by a sensor (active/passive) or through the\nsun position monitoring algorithm. Sensor-based sun position measuring systems fail to measure the solar position in a cloudy\nor intermittent day, and they require precise installation and periodic calibrations. In contrast, the sun position algorithms use\nmathematical formula or astronomical data to obtain the station of the sun at a particular geographical location and time. A\nstandalone low-cost but high-precision dual-axis closed-loop sun-tracking system using the sun position algorithm was\nimplemented in an 8-bit microcontroller platform. The Astronomical Almanacâ??s (AA) algorithm was used for its simplicity,\nreliability, and fast computation capability of the solar position. Results revealed that incorporation of the sun position\nalgorithm into a solar tracking system helps in outperforming the fixed system and optical tracking system by 13.9% and 2.1%,\nrespectively. In summary, even for a small-scale solar tracking system, the algorithm-based closed-loop dual-axis tracking\nsystem can increase overall system efficiency....
Solar energy is a renewable type, clean, and inexhaustible which is sufficiently available on the Algerian territory. The energy\nreceived daily on a horizontal surface of 1m2 is in the order of 5 kWh over almost the whole Algerian territory; the duration of\nsunshine surpasses 2000 hours annually and can reach 3900 hours on the highlands and the Sahara. The importance of this\nwork is based on exploiting solar energy to produce electricity. This study is based on the experimental exploitation of solar\nenergy using solar treeâ??s prototype suggestion. This new model is focused to replace the leaf of a tree by the solar cell, starting by\nexamining the solar field and physical phenomenon related with it; the description of cell photovoltaic comes after; and finally,\nthe dimension of the solar system and the experimental studies are virtually released in the University of Mâ??sila. In this work, a\nprototype of new artificial solar tree is proposed experimentally by using material available in the local market: 25 solar panels,\nmetal support, electrical queues, regulator, and battery....
Recently, selective emitter (SE) technology has attracted renewed attention in the Si solar\ncell industry to achieve an improved conversion efficiency of passivated-emitter rear-contact (PERC)\ncells. In this study, we presented a novel technique for the SE formation by controlling the surface\nmorphology of Si wafers...................................
Renewable energy generation and electric vehicles (EVs) have attracted much attention in\nthe past decade due to increasingly serious environmental problems as well as less and less fossil\nenergy reserves. Moreover, the forms of energy utilization are changing with the development of\ninformation technology and energy technology. The term ââ?¬Å?energy hubââ?¬Â has been introduced to\nrepresent an entity with the capability of energy production, conversion and storage. A residential\nquarter energy-hub-optimization model including a concentrating solar power (CSP) unit is proposed\nin this work, with solar energy and electricity as its inputs to supply thermal and electrical demands,\nand the operating objective is to minimize the involved operation costs. The optimization model\nis a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Demand side management (DSM) is next\nimplemented by modeling shiftable electrical loads such as EVs and washers, as well as flexible\nthermal loads such as hot water. Finally, the developed optimization model is solved with the\ncommercial CPLEX solver based on the YALMIP/MATLAB toolbox, and sample examples are\nprovided for demonstrating the features of the proposed method....
Solar collector technologies operate with better performance when the Sun beam direction\nis normal to the capturing surface, and for that to happen despite the relative movement of the Sun,\nsolar tracking systems are used, therefore, there are rules and standards that need minimum accuracy\nfor these tracking systems to be used in solar collectorsââ?¬â?¢ evaluation. Obtaining accuracy is not an\neasy job, hence in this document the design, construction and characterization of a sensor based on\na visual system that finds the relative azimuth error and height of the solar surface of interest, is\npresented. With these characteristics, the sensor can be used as a reference in control systems and\ntheir evaluation. The proposed sensor is based on a microcontroller with a real-time clock, inertial\nmeasurement sensors, geolocation and a vision sensor, that obtains the angle of incidence from the\nsunraysââ?¬â?¢ direction as well as the tilt and sensor position. The sensorââ?¬â?¢s characterization proved how\na measurement of a focus error or a Sun position can be made, with an accuracy of 0.0426ââ??¦ and an\nuncertainty of 0.986%, which can be modified to reach an accuracy under 0.01ââ??¦. The validation of\nthis sensor was determined showing the focus error on one of the best commercial solar tracking\nsystems, a Kipp & Zonen SOLYS 2. To conclude, the solar tracking sensor based on a vision system\nmeets the Sun detection requirements and components that meet the accuracy conditions to be used\nin solar tracking systems and their evaluation or, as a tracking and orientation tool, on photovoltaic\ninstallations and solar collectors....
The silicon solar cell with series-connected vertical junction is studied with\ndifferent lamella widths-the expression of the ac recombination velocity of\nthe excess minority carrier at the back surface is established. Spectroscopy\ntechnique reveals dominated impact of the lamella widths of the base....
In this study, Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified Stöber method for\npreparing the TiO2 mesoporous layer of carbon counter electrode-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs)\nwithout a hole transporting layer. Compared with normal PSCs (without Ag@SiO2 incorporated in\nthe TiO2 mesoporous layer), PSCs with an optimal content of Ag@SiO2 (0.3 wt. % Ag@SiO2-TiO2)\nshow a 19.46% increase in their power conversion efficiency, from 12.23% to 14.61%, which is mainly\nattributed to the 13.89% enhancement of the short-circuit current density, from 20.23 mA/cm2 to\n23.04 mA/cm2. These enhancements mainly contributed to the localized surface Plasmon resonance\neffect and the strong scattering effect of Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles. However, increasing the Ag@SiO2\nconcentration in the mesoporous layer past the optimum level cannot further increase the short-circuit\ncurrent density and incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of the devices, which is\nprimarily ascribed to the electron transport pathways being impeded by the insulating silica shells\ninside the TiO2 network....
An on-glass optically transparent monopole antenna with ultrawide bandwidth is presented\nin this work, and the proposed antenna is of ring shape and coplanar waveguide fed structure. Optically\ntransparent indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film with a thickness of Approximately 160 nm is used as the conductive\nlayer, which is sputtered on an optically transparent glass substrate. An impedance bandwidth of\n6 GHz from 1 to 7 GHz is achieved, with a return loss lower than -10 dB, meaning a fractional\nbandwidth of 150%. The proposed antenna exhibits reasonable radiations of omni-directionality\nin the H plane and bi-directionality in the E plane. Like other transparent antennas discussed in\nliterature, the antenna gain is relatively low (-4 dBi at 5 GHz)......................
We report the study of the temperature dependance of the performance\nelectronic parameters of an N-P solar cell by considering as model, the columnar\ncylindrical orientation associated to the dynamic junction velocity\n(SF) concept. We presented the photocurrent-photovoltage (I-V) and Power-\nphotovoltage (P-V) characteristic curves. The short-circuit photocurrent\n(Isc), the open circuit photo voltage (Uoc), the fill factor (FF) and the efficiency\n(�·) are linearly dependent on the temperature. The temperature coefficients\n(T-coefficient) relative to the short-circuit, open-circuit photovoltage and efficiency\nare calculated and the comparison with data from the literature\nshowed the accuracy of the considered model....
This work proposes a new analytical model to extract the 1-Diode/2-Resistor solar\ncell/panel equivalent circuit parameters. The methodology is based on a reduced amount of\nexperimentally measured information: short-circuit current, the slope of the I-V curve at that point,\nthe open-circuit voltage, and the current and voltage levels, together with the slope of the I-V curve at\nthe instantaneous operation point. This procedure is specially designed to analyze the performance\nof autonomous photovoltaic systems, which are most of the primary sources for spacecraft power.\nResults show good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, this methodology allows for\nfast and accurate I-V curve maximum power point (MPP) identification....
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