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Quarterly published "Inventi Impact: Solar" publishes high quality unpublished as well as high impact pre-published research and reviews related to all the areas of solar energy research, development, application, measurement or policy.
We examine the role of refractory organics as a major C carrier in the outer protosolar nebula and its implications for the compositions of large Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) and CI chondrites. By utilizing Rosetta measurements of refractory organics in comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, we show that they would make up a large fraction of the protosolar C inventory in the KBO-forming region based on the current widely adopted solar abundances. However, this would free up too much O to form water ice, producing solid material that is not sufficiently rockrich to explain the uncompressed density of the Pluto–Charon system and other large KBOs; the former has been argued as the most representative value we have for the bulk composition of large KBOs. This inconsistency further highlights the solar abundances problem—an ongoing challenge in reconciling spectroscopically determined heavy-element abundances with helioseismology constraints. By employing a new data set from solar CNO neutrinos and solar wind measurements of C, N, and O, we show that the uncompressed density of the Pluto–Charon system can be reproduced over a wide range of scenarios. We show that a lack of sulfates in Ryugu and Bennu samples implies a lower amount of water ice initially accreted into CI chondrite parent bodies than previously thought. These data are found to be consistent with the solar C/O ratio implied by the new data set. Our predictions can be tested by future neutrino, helioseismology, and cosmochemical measurements....
*ecurrent work conducts a comparative study of the waterbed multistage solar still with stacked stages (MSS-SS) and the vapourbased MSS-SS. Various experimental test results obtained from the vapour-based MSS-SS are briefly discussed in comparison with the waterbed MSS-SS reported in the literature. Based on the experimental observations and tests, the stage tray requires no maintenance and upper stages can operate even when the lower stages are nonoperational. About 0.8–41.3% distillate yield dropped from the upper stages when lower stages were exposed to the atmosphere. *e upper stages increased their productivity by 7.1–15.4% when the lower stages were shut off completely. *e waterbed-based MSS-SS preserves and reuses thermal energy much better even during off sunshine hours than the vapour-based system. *e vapour-based MSS-SS is only productive during sunshine hours, and about 97-98% of the distillate is produced during daytime. Furthermore, the vapour based was able to produce 6.3 kg/day on average on the selected days....
Sun position and the optimum inclination of a solar panel to the sun vary over time throughout the day. A simple but accurate solar\nposition measurement system is essential for maximizing the output power from a solar panel in order to increase the panel\nefficiency while minimizing the system cost. Solar position can be measured either by a sensor (active/passive) or through the\nsun position monitoring algorithm. Sensor-based sun position measuring systems fail to measure the solar position in a cloudy\nor intermittent day, and they require precise installation and periodic calibrations. In contrast, the sun position algorithms use\nmathematical formula or astronomical data to obtain the station of the sun at a particular geographical location and time. A\nstandalone low-cost but high-precision dual-axis closed-loop sun-tracking system using the sun position algorithm was\nimplemented in an 8-bit microcontroller platform. The Astronomical Almanacâ??s (AA) algorithm was used for its simplicity,\nreliability, and fast computation capability of the solar position. Results revealed that incorporation of the sun position\nalgorithm into a solar tracking system helps in outperforming the fixed system and optical tracking system by 13.9% and 2.1%,\nrespectively. In summary, even for a small-scale solar tracking system, the algorithm-based closed-loop dual-axis tracking\nsystem can increase overall system efficiency....
After being adequately captured and concentrated, solar radiation can be conducted by optical fiber bundles/cables and directly used for illumination (lighting) or heating of confined spaces, or indirectly used by converting it in other forms of energy (e.g., for producing electricity). This article reports preliminary tests conducted on a 7-m-long optical fiber bundle/cable with an effective aperture circular area of 14 mm in diameter, specially designed and manufactured by a leading company to transmit up to 1000Wth of unfiltered concentrated sunlight. The cable was tested in the typical receiver position at the top of a solar concentration central tower. The main purpose was the experimental determination of the transmission efficiency of the cable in the function of the incidence angle using selected groups of heliostats belonging to the heliostat field. The testing methodology proved to be capable of evaluating the performance of the cable. The cable withstood the tests without revealing any type of damage. The results obtained showed that the transmissivity of the cable is higher than 50% when the incidence angle of the solar radiation is lower than 14.7, increasing sharply to circa 95% when the incidence angle is lower than 4.5....
Solar energy is a renewable type, clean, and inexhaustible which is sufficiently available on the Algerian territory. The energy\nreceived daily on a horizontal surface of 1m2 is in the order of 5 kWh over almost the whole Algerian territory; the duration of\nsunshine surpasses 2000 hours annually and can reach 3900 hours on the highlands and the Sahara. The importance of this\nwork is based on exploiting solar energy to produce electricity. This study is based on the experimental exploitation of solar\nenergy using solar treeâ??s prototype suggestion. This new model is focused to replace the leaf of a tree by the solar cell, starting by\nexamining the solar field and physical phenomenon related with it; the description of cell photovoltaic comes after; and finally,\nthe dimension of the solar system and the experimental studies are virtually released in the University of Mâ??sila. In this work, a\nprototype of new artificial solar tree is proposed experimentally by using material available in the local market: 25 solar panels,\nmetal support, electrical queues, regulator, and battery....
In this paper, a new solar activity index based on a novel disturbance extraction method, the spectral whitening method (SWM), is introduced to process the solar EUV data on the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Our research suggests that the spatial information derived by SWM can well reflect the location of disturbance extraction, which is consistent with the location of the solar active region. It indicates that the disturbance extraction is effective. From AIA 094 Å to AIA 335 Å, SWM results are strongly correlated with solar radio flux F107 and the sunspot number (SSN), especially at AIA 211 Å, where the correlation coefficient reaches the maximum, while at AIA 1600 Å and AIA 1700 Å there are no detectable correlations. The proposed new solar activity index, JP (AIA), has the following characteristics: (1) the new index can reflect the main variations of F107 and SSN, indicating that the index is valid; (2) the new index has higher temporal resolution, which is more conducive to the more detailed study of solar activities on short timescales; (3) the new index reveals that the solar atmosphere still has significant variability during solar minimum characterized by low F107 and SSN; (4) the new index can be used in conjunction with the new magnetospheric and ionospheric indices, which are also derived by SWM to deepen the understanding of the causal chain of space weather and promote the improvement of forecasting capabilities....
Recently, selective emitter (SE) technology has attracted renewed attention in the Si solar\ncell industry to achieve an improved conversion efficiency of passivated-emitter rear-contact (PERC)\ncells. In this study, we presented a novel technique for the SE formation by controlling the surface\nmorphology of Si wafers...................................
This study proposes a novel approach to enhance the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for the selection of suitable sites for solar photovoltaic (PV) farms. This approach is particularly beneficial when it is possible to establish a predefined objective relation in the final weights of the AHP method. The methodology focuses on achieving this predefined relation introducing a systematic revision of the constants of related constraints. In this study, the costs of constructing a unit transmission line and road in the Kayseri Province are objectively related, and the initial constant matrix of the AHP method is iteratively revised until the relation of the final weights converges to the predefined one. The suitability of solar PV farm locations is classified into five classes, revealing approximately 28% (40-100% of suitability) of the province as favorably suitable and designating about 67% as restricted zones. The findings reveal notable distinctions between the revised weights and those derived from the conventional AHP method. The disparity in weights for various constraints varies from 13.5% to 7.2%. Consequently, the alterations in the area of suitability regions range from 3.4% to 50%. The revision of AHP weights results in a reduction in higher-suitability areas, coupled with a significant expansion in the region exhibiting lower suitability. Notably, the extent of change in the suitability map increases when the difference in ratios between two criteria obtained from the AHP and the predefined objective relation is high. The proposed method demonstrates its applicability in regions like Kayseri where an objective relation between criteria can be established. Given the inherent subjectivity of the AHP method, the proposed procedure becomes essential to attain more objective weights. Since the methodology objectively adjusts weights based on known ratios, it increases the accuracy and reliability of site selection studies....
In this research, we have proposed a Sn-based perovskite solar cell using solar cell capacitance software. The main aim of this study is to develop an environment-friendly and highly efficient structure that can be used as an alternative to other toxic lead-based perovskite solar cells. This work performed a numerical analysis for the proposed (Al/ZnO/SnO2/CH3NH3SnI3/Ni) device structure. The absorber layer CH3NH3SnI3, buffer layer SnO2, and electron transport layer (ETL) ZnO, with aluminium as the front contact and nickel as the back contact, have been used in this simulation. Several analyses have been conducted for the proposed structure, such as the impact of the absorber layer thickness, acceptor density, defect density, series and shunt resistances, back contact work function, and operating temperature. The device simulation revealed that the optimum thickness of the absorber layer is 1.5 μm and 0.05 μm for the buffer layer. The proposed Sn-based perovskite structure has obtained a conversion efficiency of 28.19% along with FF of 84.63%, Jsc of 34.634 mA/cm2, and Voc of 0.961 V. This study shows the upcoming lead-free perovskite solar cell’s enormous potential....
Renewable energy generation and electric vehicles (EVs) have attracted much attention in\nthe past decade due to increasingly serious environmental problems as well as less and less fossil\nenergy reserves. Moreover, the forms of energy utilization are changing with the development of\ninformation technology and energy technology. The term ââ?¬Å?energy hubââ?¬Â has been introduced to\nrepresent an entity with the capability of energy production, conversion and storage. A residential\nquarter energy-hub-optimization model including a concentrating solar power (CSP) unit is proposed\nin this work, with solar energy and electricity as its inputs to supply thermal and electrical demands,\nand the operating objective is to minimize the involved operation costs. The optimization model\nis a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Demand side management (DSM) is next\nimplemented by modeling shiftable electrical loads such as EVs and washers, as well as flexible\nthermal loads such as hot water. Finally, the developed optimization model is solved with the\ncommercial CPLEX solver based on the YALMIP/MATLAB toolbox, and sample examples are\nprovided for demonstrating the features of the proposed method....
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