Frequency: Quarterly E- ISSN: 2250-2947 P- ISSN: 2349-347X Abstracted/ Indexed in: Ulrich's International Periodical Directory, Google Scholar, SCIRUS, Genamics JournalSeek, EBSCO Information Services
Quarterly published in print and online "Inventi Impact: Chemical Engineering" publishes high quality unpublished as well as high impact pre-published research and reviews catering to the needs of researchers and professional engineers. The journal deals with multidimensional aspects of chemical engineering like physical sciences, chemistry, life sciences, and mathematics that takes part in chemical conversions and reactions.
This paper presents a comparative review of arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), and fluoride (FâË?â??) for a better understanding of\nthe conditions and factors during their adsorption with focus on (i) the isotherm adsorption models, (ii) effects of pH, (iii) effects\nof ionic strength, and (iv) effects of coexisting substances such as anions, cations, and natural organics matter. It provides an indepth\nanalysis of various methods of arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), and fluoride (FâË?â??) removal by adsorption and the anionsââ?¬â?¢\ncharacteristics during the adsorption process. The surface area of the adsorbents does not contribute to the adsorption capacity of\nthese anions but rather a combination of other physical and chemical properties.Theadsorption capacity for the anions depends on\nthe combination of all the factors: pH, ionic strength, coexisting substances, pore volume and particles size, surface modification,\npretreatment of the adsorbents, and so forth. Extreme higher adsorption capacity can be obtained by the modification of the\nadsorbents. In general, pH has a greater influence on adsorption capacity at large, since it affects the ionic strength, coexisting\nanions such as bicarbonate, sulfate, and silica, the surface charges of the adsorbents, and the ionic species which can be present in\nthe solution....
Infrared spectrometric (IR) and biomarkers (tricyclic terpanes, Ts/Tm, C29/C30 hopane ratios, homohopane, gammacerane, diasteranes indices and steranes) were applied to evaluate the organic matters and crude oils to discusses a genetic relation between the organic matters and crude oils in the north Gulf of Suez. The results showed that, the organic matters of Brown Limestone Formation appear slightly mature and are originated from marine organic sources. The crude oil samples are more mature and derived mainly from mixed organic sources (mainly terrestrial with marine input) under transitional environments. Therefore, the source of oils of some wells in the northern part in the Gulf of Suez may be derived from different contributions of different origins within the Gulf....
Given their potentially enormous risk, process monitoring and fault diagnosis for chemical plants have recently been the focus of\nmany studies. Based on hazard and operability (HAZOP) analysis, kernel principal component analysis (KPCA), wavelet neural\nnetwork (WNN), and fault tree analysis (FTA), a hybrid process monitoring and fault diagnosis approach is proposed in this study.\nHAZOP analysis helps identify the fault modes and determine process variables monitored.The KPCA model is then constructed to\nreduce monitoring variable dimensionality.Meanwhile, the fault features of the monitoring variables are extracted, so then process\nmonitoring can be performed with the squared prediction error (SPE) statistics of KPCA. Then,multiple WNN models are designed\nthrough the use of low-dimensional sample data preprocessed by KPCA as the training and test samples to detect the fault mode\nonline. Finally, FTA approach is introduced to further locate the fault root causes of the fault mode. The proposed approach is\napplied to process monitoring and fault diagnosis in a depropanizer unit. Case study results indicate that this approach can be\napplicable to process monitoring and diagnosis in large-scale chemical plants. Accordingly, the approach can serve as an early and\nreliable basis for technicians� and operators� safety management decision-making....
Various quaternary CuInxGa1-xS2 (0 = x = 1) chalcopyrite nanoparticles have been prepared from molecular single-source\r\nprecursors via microwave decomposition. We were able to control the nanoparticle size, phase, stoichiometry, and solubility.\r\nDepending on the choice of surface modifiers used, we were able to tune the solubility of the resulting nanoparticles. This\r\nmethod has been used to generate up to 5 g of nanoparticles and up to 150 g from multiple batch reactions with excellent\r\nreproducibility. Data from UV-Vis, photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, TEM, DSC/TGA-MS, and ICP-OES analyses have shown\r\nhigh reproducibility in nanoparticle size, composition, and bandgap....
A moving boundary model for food isothermal drying and shrinkage is applied to predict the time decay of water content and\nsample volume, as well as water diffusivity for chayote discoid slices in the temperature range 40-70°C. (The core of the model is the\nshrinkage velocity v, assumed equal to the water concentration gradient times a shrinkage function.................
With the advance technology and the increase in the population, plastics product were found one of the part in every aspect of our life. Plastics are a broad name given to different polymers with high molecular weight, which also can be possible degraded by various processes. Plastics have wide range of application in each and vary aspect of our life. Every one using different kind of plastics materials every day because of it’s easily available and low cost of production. But Plastics material remain in nature for decades. One of the ways to solve such a problem is to find out ways for degradation of Plastics. Degradation means change in polymer properties due to chemical, physical or biological reactions resulting in bond scissions and subsequent chemical transformation. A biodegradable plastic is an innovation means of solving the plastics disposal problem from the standpoint of development of new materials. In view of facts concerning plastic bio degradation, in this paper, An attempt has been made to take a short review on degradation, types of degradation, biodegradation, mechanism of biodegradation and its applications....
Heavy metals are among the most important sorts of contaminant in the environment. Several methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. Currently, phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove inactive metals and metal pollutants from contaminated soil and water. This technology is environmental friendly and potentially cost effective. This paper aims to compile some information about heavy metals of arsenic, lead, and mercury (As, Pb, and Hg) sources, effects and their treatment. It also reviews deeply about phytoremediation technology, including the heavy metal uptake mechanisms and several research studies associated about the topics. Additionally, it describes several sources and the effects of As, Pb, and Hg on the environment, the advantages of this kind of technology for reducing them, and also heavy metal uptake mechanisms in phytoremediation technology as well as the factors affecting the uptake mechanisms. Some recommended plants which are commonly used in phytoremediation and their capability to reduce the contaminant are also reported....
This paper used ââ?¬Ë?ultrasonic lysis-cryptic growthââ?¬â?¢ in SBR to analyze the accumulation and chemical fraction distribution\nchanges of cadmium and lead in sludge. Results showed that ââ?¬Ë?ultrasonic lysis-cryptic growthââ?¬â?¢ technique cut sludge\nproduction by around 50%. Accumulation of cadmium and lead in sludge occurred in SBRs, and had light impacts on the\nperformance of bioreactors. The accumulation of cadmium was higher than that of lead. The co-existence of cadmium and\nlead in influent affected the accumulation of each other in sludge. Cadmium content in sludge first increased and decreased\nfinally. During 30-60 daysââ?¬â?¢ operation, the cadmium content in sludge of ââ?¬Ë?ultrasonic lysis-cryptic growthââ?¬â?¢ system was 56\ntimes more than the initial content in the seed sludge. Lead content change in sludge during 90 daysââ?¬â?¢ operation was just\nopposite to that of cadmium. After 30-60 daysââ?¬â?¢ operation, the Lead content in sludge decreased by 40%, comparing with the\ncontent after the first 30 daysââ?¬â?¢ operation. Chemical fraction distributions of both heavy metals changed with different\noperational durations. The exchangeable fraction of cadmium increased during 90 daysââ?¬â?¢ operation in control system;\nhowever, the changes were irregular in ââ?¬Ë?ultrasonic lysis-cryptic growthââ?¬â?¢ system. Possible reason was that sonication changed\nthe binding sites of sludge for cadmium. The residual fraction of lead was the main form in sludge, and the chemical fraction\ndistributions changed insignificantly in both bioreactors during 90 daysââ?¬â?¢ operation. It might be that lead in influent formed\ninsoluble salt and precipitated in sludge....
Magnetic MgxCoyZn(1-x-y)Fe2O4 nanoparticles were successfully prepared by the rapid combustion approach, and SEM, XRD, VSM, EDX, and FTIR techniques were applied for their characterization. The influence of the element ratios (Mg2+, Co2+, and Zn2+) in magnetic MgxCoyZn(1-x-y)Fe2O4 nanoparticles on their properties was explored. To acquire a larger specific surface area for better adsorption of methyl blue (MB), magnetic Mg0.4Co0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4 nanoparticles calcined at 400°C for 2 h with 25 mL anhydrous ethanol were selected, and their average particle size and the saturation magnetization were about 81.3nm and 13.5 emu·g-1, respectively. Adsorption kinetics models and adsorption isotherm models were applied to research the adsorption characteristics of MB onto magnetic Mg0.4Co0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4 nanoparticles. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model (R2 > 0:99) and Temkin isotherm model (R2 = 0:9887) were the most consistent with the data, indicating that the adsorption was the chemical multilayer adsorption mechanism, and the process was an exothermic reaction. The E of the Dubinin- Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm model was 0.2347 KJ·mol-1, indicating the adsorption involved physical adsorption besides chemical adsorption. The ΔG0 and ΔH0 (ΔH0 = −10:38 KJ·mol-1) of the adsorption process of MB adsorbed onto magnetic Mg0.4Co0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4 nanoparticles measured through the thermodynamic experiment were both less than 0, which proved that the process was a spontaneous exothermic reaction. The adsorption capacity of MB onto magnetic Mg0.4Co0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4 nanoparticles increased with the pH of MB solution increasing from 2 to 4 at room temperature, and it had no significant change when the pH of MB solution was 4-12, while the relative removal rate was 98.75% of the first one after 2 cycles. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the cyclic voltammetry (CV) data further demonstrated that MB was adsorbed onto magnetic Mg0.4Co0.5Zn0.1Fe2O4 nanoparticles....
The leaching of copper using thiosulfate reagent as an alternative reagent to cyanide has been investigated\r\nsince it is almost presented in gold thiosulfate leaching. This paper addressed the investigation of adsorption of\r\ncopper complexes on anion exchange resin in non-ammoniacal and ammoniacal thiosulfate leaching systems.The\r\nwork provided the experimental procedures for the adsorption of copper complexes on strong based anion exchange\r\nresin in non-ammoniacal and ammoniacal resin-solution systems. The result showed that increasing ammonia in the\r\nsolution resulted in the diminishing total copper complexes on the resin. As the solution pH of resin-solution systems\r\nwas maintained by the ammonia solution added in the system, the same effect of ammonia on the total copper\r\ncomplexes on resin was also shown. Overall, non-ammoniacal resin-solution system gave much better adsorption\r\nisotherm of copper complexes on resin, and the dominant species copper complexes on the strong based anion\r\nexchange resin was expected to be Cu(S2O3)3\r\n based on leaching modelling....
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